Woodworking tool - Mokkougu (English)

Japanese: 木工具 - もっこうぐ（英語表記）woodworking tool

Tools for processing wood. In Japan, most buildings were made of wood, so various woodworking tools have been used since ancient times. Excavated items from the Kofun period and treasures from the Shosoin Repository show that tools such as axes, awls, hand axes, mallets, cross saws, chisels, and spear planes were used. In the late Middle Ages, rake saws and base planes appeared, and rake saws made it easy to produce large quantities of thin boards, while base planes brought about revolutionary developments in wood finishing. From base planes, various planes were devised, including flat planes, groove planes, and round planes, and in the Meiji period, two-plate planes were created. There are also rulers, tape measures, rulers, ink holders, and ink bottles for determining the dimensions and position of work. Currently, electric woodworking machines have been developed.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

木材を加工するための道具。日本ではほとんどが木造建築であったため，古来から種々の木工具が使われてきた。古墳時代の出土品や正倉院の宝物から，斧，錐，手斧 (ちょうな) ，槌，横挽 (び) き鋸，のみ，槍鉋 (やりがんな) などがあったことがわかる。中世後期になって，縦挽き鋸と台鉋が出現し，縦挽き鋸で多量の薄板が容易につくれるようになり，台鉋で木材仕上げは画期的な発展をした。台鉋から，平鉋のほかに溝鉋，丸鉋など種々の鉋が工夫され，明治になって，二板鉋ができた。また加工する寸法や位置を決めるための，差し金，巻尺，罫引 (けびき) ，墨さし，墨壺などもある。現在では，電動式の木工機械が開発されている。

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