Jakobson, Roman

Japanese: ヤコブソン（英語表記）Jakobson， Roman

Born: October 11, 1896 in Moscow
[Died] July 18, 1982. Cambridge, Massachusetts. An American linguist born in Russia. In 1920 he moved to Prague, Czechoslovakia, where he was a prominent member of the Prague School. In 1941 he moved to the United States, where he served as a professor at Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He achieved outstanding results in a very wide range of fields in linguistics, including general linguistics, but is known in particular for promoting structuralist methods in phonology and morphology, and for his comprehensive academic style that takes a broad view of linguistic phenomena. He also achieved great success in the field of poetics. His collected works, Selected Writings (1962-1986), consisted of eight volumes. His other works include Kindersprache, Aphasie und allgemeine Lautgesetze (Infant Speech, Aphasia, and General Phonetic Laws) (1941) and, with M. Halle and G. Fanto, Preliminaries to Speech Analysis (52).

Jacobson
Jakobson, Max

Born 1923. Biepally is a Finnish diplomat and writer. He started out as a journalist and worked for the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), but later joined the Foreign Office and served as press secretary at the Finnish Embassy in the United States from 1953 to 1959. During that time he wrote a classic book about Finland-Soviet relations, Diplomacy of the Winter War (1956), which was recognized for his diplomatic insight. He served as ambassador to the United Nations from 1965 to 1972.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1896.10.11. モスクワ
[没]1982.7.18. マサチューセッツ，ケンブリッジ
ロシア生れのアメリカの言語学者。 1920年にチェコスロバキアのプラハに移り，プラハ学派の有力な一員として活躍。 41年アメリカに移住，ハーバード大学，マサチューセッツ工科大学などの教授をつとめた。一般言語学をはじめ言語学の非常に広い分野にわたってすぐれた業績を上げているが，特に音韻論と形態論における構造主義的方法の推進と，言語現象を広い視野でとらえる総合的学風とで知られる。また詩学の領域でも業績が大きい。8巻の著作集"Selected Writings" (1962～86) が刊行され，ほかに『小児語・失語症・一般音声法則』 Kindersprache，Aphasie und allgemeine Lautgesetze (1941) や，M.ハレ，G.ファントと共著の『音声分析序説』 Preliminaries to Speech Analysis (52) などの著書がある。

ヤコブソン
Jakobson， Max

[生]1923. ビーパリー
フィンランドの外交官，文筆家。ジャーナリストとして出発，イギリス放送協会 BBCに勤務したが，外務省入りし，1953～59年アメリカ駐在フィンランド大使館付き報道官をつとめた。その間にフィンランドとソ連の関係を扱った名著『外交官の冬戦争』 Diplomacy of the Winter War (1956) を著わし，外交的識見を認められた。 65～72年国連大使をつとめた。

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