Guava - Guaba (English spelling) guava

Japanese: グアバ - ぐあば(英語表記)guava
Guava - Guaba (English spelling) guava

An evergreen small tree of the Myrtaceae family (APG classification: Myrtaceae). It is also called Banjirou or Banjirou. Native to tropical America. The fruit was already used by Indians in Peru in 800 BC. It has now spread to tropical and subtropical regions around the world as a naturalized plant, and in some places, as seen in New Caledonia and Fiji, it has overgrown and caused damage. It was also introduced to Okinawa in ancient times. It has many branches, herbaceous leaves that are ovate or oblong, alternately arranged opposite each other, and have a strong fragrance when crushed. The flowers are axillary, about 3 cm in diameter, and mostly solitary. It has a high rate of cross-fertilization. The fruit is globular, obovate, or pear-shaped, 5 to 10 cm long and 5 to 7 cm in diameter, with persistent calyxes. The ripe fruit has a smooth surface, is yellow or yellowish-white in color, and is fragrant. The flesh is pale yellow to yellowish white or pale reddish purple and sweet, with many small hard seeds in the pulpy heart. Some cultivated varieties weigh over 400 grams per fruit. It is often propagated by seedlings, but also by bud grafting or cutting grafting using a common rootstock. It is best to plant it 5 to 10 meters apart. Related species include the strawberry guava, Costa Rican guava, and Brazilian guava.

[Muneo Iizuka August 20, 2020]

use

The fruit and leaves are rich in Vitamin C, and the fruit is also rich in Vitamin A. The fruit is eaten raw, or is used to make guava juice, a health drink. It is often used to make jelly. It can also be made into jams and canned goods, and is used in stews and tarts. The leaves are boiled for health purposes, and because they contain a lot of tannins, they are used as a black dye. The wood is dense and is used for crafts, and in India, living trees are used to raise lac insects (whose secretions are used as paint).

[Muneo Iizuka August 20, 2020]

[Reference] | Lac scale insect
Guava (white flesh)
©Shogakukan ">

Guava (white flesh)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フトモモ科(APG分類:フトモモ科)の常緑小高木。バンザクロ(蕃石榴)、バンジロウともいう。熱帯アメリカ原産。紀元前800年、すでにペルーでインディオが果実を利用していた。いまでは世界の熱帯ないし亜熱帯に伝わり帰化植物として、ニュー・カレドニア、フィジーなどでみられるように繁殖しすぎて害をなしている所もある。沖縄にも古く伝えられた。分枝が多く葉は草質で卵形または長楕円(ちょうだえん)形で交互に対生、つぶすと強い芳香がある。花は腋生(えきせい)し径約3センチメートル、多くは単生する。他家受精率が高い。果実は球形、倒卵球形または洋ナシ形で長さ5~10センチメートル、径5~7センチメートルで宿存萼(がく)がある。熟果は表面は滑らかで黄ないし黄白色を呈し芳香がある。果肉は淡黄ないし黄白色または淡紅紫色で甘味があり、パルプ状の心部には多数の小さな硬い種子がある。栽培品種のなかには1果で400グラムを超える品種もある。繁殖は実生(みしょう)による場合が多いが、共台(ともだい)利用による芽接ぎ、切り接ぎも多い。栽植は5~10メートル間隔にするとよい。近縁種にストロベリーグアバ、コスタリカグアバ、ブラジルグアバなどがある。

[飯塚宗夫 2020年8月20日]

利用

果実、葉にビタミンCが多く、果実にはビタミンAも多い。果実は生食のほか、保健飲料としてのグアバジュースの原料とする。ゼリーとしての利用も多い。ジャムや缶詰にもし、シチューやタルトにも用いる。葉は保健用として煎(せん)じて用いられ、タンニンが多いので黒色染料とする。材は緻密(ちみつ)で細工用に、インドでは生木(なまき)をラックカイガラムシ(分泌物を塗料に用いる)の飼養に供する。

[飯塚宗夫 2020年8月20日]

[参照項目] | ラックカイガラムシ
グアバ(白肉種)
©Shogakukan">

グアバ(白肉種)


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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