Giant cell

Japanese: 巨細胞 - きょさいぼう
Giant cell

A giant cell with a large cell body rich in protoplasm. They often appear in inflammatory granulation tissue and tumor tissue. Giant cells may have one nucleus, but are generally multinucleated. In this case, there are two ways in which mononuclear cells fuse together to become multinucleated cells, and only the nuclei divide and multiply to become multinucleated cells. In normal tissues, osteoclasts in the bone marrow become giant cells with a diameter of up to 100 micrometers, which are multinucleated giant cells with about 50 nuclei. In this case, they are formed by the fusion of mononuclear cells. Also, one of the connective tissue cells is the macrophage, which performs phagocytosis, and when these cells encounter a foreign body, they fuse together to become a foreign body giant cell with more than 100 nuclei. There are many unknown aspects of the function of giant cells that appear during inflammation.

[Kazuyo Shimai]

[Reference] | Granulation tissue

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

原形質が豊富で巨大な細胞体をもつ細胞をいう。多くは炎症性の肉芽組織や腫瘍(しゅよう)組織の中に出現する。巨細胞の核は1個の場合もあるが、一般には多核である。この場合、単核細胞が合体して多核細胞になる場合と、核のみが分裂増数して多核細胞となる場合の2種類の方式がある。正常組織では骨髄中の破骨細胞が直径100マイクロメートルにも達する巨細胞となるが、これは、核も50個ほどになる多核巨細胞である。この場合は単核細胞の合体によっている。また、結合組織性細胞の一つとして、食作用を営む大食細胞があるが、この細胞は外来性の異物に出会うと互いに癒合して100個以上の核をもつ異物巨大細胞となる。なお、炎症時に出現する巨細胞の働きには不明な点が多い。

[嶋井和世]

[参照項目] | 肉芽組織

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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