Anato-so - Anou-no-sho

Japanese: 穴太荘 - あのうのしょう

A manor of the Konoe family located in Shiga County, Omi Province. It corresponds to the area including the Anato district of Otsu City today. It was an important location on the southwest shore of Lake Biwa, as it was the location of the Anato Temple Ruins, said to have been built in the Asuka period, and Anato Station on the Hokuriku road. In 1062, Anato Misono was responsible for the provision of food for pilgrims to Kasuga (Kōheiki), and it was already the property of the regent family, but by 1200 it was called Anato Misono and had become a manor. In 1253, the Konoe family held the right to govern the manor, and the Shimotsukenu clan, a vassal of the regent family, had long inherited the position of caretaker (Konoe family documents, etc.). During the Nanboku-cho period, the Anato Sansho, under the control of Enryaku-ji Temple, appeared and it seems that they bore the burden of duties called Anato Ninko, such as maintaining the roads of the Saito Pagoda. A group of stonemasons that is said to have been the predecessor of the Anato group was the famous Anato-shu, and when Oda Nobunaga began construction of Azuchi Castle in 1576, he is said to have summoned the Anato stonemasons. The head of the Anato clan, who also served Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu, was given a fief of 100 koku during the Edo period.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

近江国滋賀郡に置かれた近衛家領の荘園。現在の大津市穴太地区などの一帯にあたる。飛鳥時代の建立ともいう穴太廃寺，北陸道の穴多駅の所在地として，琵琶湖の南西岸の要地であった。1062年穴太御園(みその)が春日詣の屯食(とんじき)を負担しており（《康平記》），当時から摂関家領であったが，1200年には穴太御荘とあり，荘園に転じている。1253年当時は近衛家が荘園支配の荘務権をもち，摂関家の随身の下毛野(しもつけぬ)氏は預所(あずかりどころ)職を長く相伝した（近衛家文書など）。南北朝期には延暦(えんりゃく)寺の支配する穴太散所が現れ，西塔(さいとう)の路次の保全など穴太人足とよばれた課役を負担していたようである。かれらを前身とするとも伝える石積み集団が著名な穴太衆で，1576年に安土城の築城に着手した織田信長は穴太の石工を呼び寄せたという。豊臣秀吉・徳川家康にも仕えた穴太頭は江戸時代には100石の知行を与えられていた。

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