This refers to any insurance that involves compulsion in some respect, excluding compulsion associated with the supervision of insurance business. Compulsion can occur in the establishment, enrollment, payment, and selection of business entity, but usually only compulsion to enroll in insurance is an issue. In compulsory insurance, the insurance relationship is established automatically based on the provisions of the law, and this usually appears as an obligation to enroll for the insured and an obligation to accept for the insurer. Public insurance is often compulsory insurance, especially social insurance. In compulsory insurance, the scope of those who should enroll is generally determined naturally by the purpose of the insurance. Social insurance in Japan includes health insurance, national health insurance, seamen's insurance, workers' accident compensation insurance, employment insurance, employees' pension insurance, and national pension insurance, and all of these are compulsory insurance. Automobile liability insurance is also compulsory insurance, but its purpose is different from that of social insurance. [Takuji Kaneko] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
保険事業の監督に伴う強制は別として、保険の実施につきなんらかの点において強制を伴うものをいう。その強制は、設立、加入、給付、事業主体の選択などについて行われうるが、通常は保険加入に対する強制の場合だけを問題とする。強制保険では、保険関係は法律の規定に基づいて当然に成立し、これは通常、被保険者に対しては加入義務として、保険者に対しては受諾義務として現れる。公営保険は強制保険であることが少なくなく、とくに社会保険においてはそうである。強制保険において、その加入せらるべきものの範囲は、だいたいその保険の目的によっておのずから定まる。わが国にある社会保険は、健康保険、国民健康保険、船員保険、労働者災害補償保険、雇用保険、厚生年金保険、国民年金保険などで、いずれも強制保険である。自動車損害賠償責任保険も強制保険であるが、社会保険とは保険の目的が異なっている。 [金子卓治] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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