Teaching - Kyokai

Japanese: 教懐 - きょうかい

Year of death: May 28, 1093 (June 24, 1093)
Year of birth: Choho 3 (1001)
He was a monk of the esoteric and esoteric schools in the mid-to-late Heian period, and the ancestor of the Koyasan saints. His common name was Odawara Gyojobo. His life can be seen in works such as "Shui Ojoden" and "Koyasan Ojoden." He became a monk at a young age and entered Kofuku-ji Temple in order to appease the vengeful spirits of criminals who had been tortured by his father, who was the governor of Sanuki, and to atone for his sins. He eventually left the temple and lived in Odawara (Kamo-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto Prefecture), which was a branch nembutsu site of the temple. He later left Odawara and climbed Mount Koya. At the time, Kyokai was estimated to be 70 years old, and given his age, it seems likely that his goal was to go to paradise. At Mount Koya, he performed the Ryōkai-ho and Amida-kuyo every day, and spent his days chanting Shingon Nembutsu, reciting the Daibutsucho Dharani and Amida Daishingon. When Emperor Shirakawa visited Mount Koya in 1088, he was chosen as one of the saints to be awarded 30 pieces of short-sleeved cotton robes, and was also given the right to appoint other saints, which shows that the saint group had formed a certain amount of influence. During his stay at Mount Koya for over 20 years until his death, a group of nembutsu saints called the Odawara saints was formed, and Kyokane came to be revered as the ancestor of the Koyasan saints. His footprint at Mount Koya was great, and the place where Kyokane worked as a Bessho saint remains as the place name Odawaradani, and it seems that a stone statue of him riding on a cloud to welcome the passing of his monk, Ihan, remained until the early modern period. <References> Gorai Shigeru, "Augmented Koyasan Saint," and "Kamo Town History," Vol. 1, edited by the Kamo Town History Compilation Committee

(Oshio Chihiro)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：寛治7.5.28(1093.6.24)
生年：長保3(1001)
平安中・後期の顕密の僧で高野聖の祖。俗称は小田原迎接房。その生涯は『拾遺往生伝』『高野山往生伝』などで知ることができる。讃岐守であった父が拷問を加えた罪人の怨霊鎮魂と滅罪のために幼くして出家,興福寺に入る。やがて寺を出て同寺の念仏別所である小田原(京都府相楽郡加茂町)に住した。その後,小田原を出て高野山に登る。そのとき,教懐は推定70歳で,年齢からして極楽往生が目的であったらしい。高野山では毎日両界法と阿弥陀供養を行い,大仏頂陀羅尼と阿弥陀大真言を誦す真言念仏の日々を送った。寛治2(1088)年に白河上皇が高野山に御幸した際,小袖綿衣30領を賜る聖人のひとりに選ばれ,同時に他の聖人の補任権も与えられていることから,聖集団が一定の勢力として形成されていたことが知られる。没するまでの20余年におよぶ高野山滞在を通じて小田原聖と呼ばれる念仏集団が形成され,教懐は高野聖の祖と仰がれるようになった。高野山における足跡は大きく,別所聖として教懐が活動した場は小田原谷という地名として残り,同法である維範の往生を雲に乗って迎える彼の様子を石像化したものが近世まであったらしい。<参考文献>五来重『増補高野聖』,加茂町史編纂委員会編『加茂町史』1巻

(追塩千尋)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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