...In ancient times, regardless of whether they were Eastern or Western, plays were usually performed outdoors, as was the case in ancient Greece and Rome. In the Middle Ages, there were various outdoor plays, such as English pageants and Japanese Kanjin Dengaku and Kanjin Sarugaku, and in the Renaissance, there were examples of semi-outdoor performances, with some of the auditorium unroofed, such as in Elizabethan Shakespeare performances in England. It was only after the completion of the Italian-style framed stage in the 17th and 18th centuries (and in Japan, the appearance of the fully covered Kabuki theater in 1723) that plays became routinely performed indoors, as they are today. *Some of the terminology used in reference to "outdoor theater" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…洋の東西を問わず,古く演劇はむしろ野外で行われることが常態であり,例えば古代ギリシア・ローマの場合も演劇は野外で行われていた。中世期にも,イギリスのページェント,あるいは日本の勧進田楽・勧進猿楽などのように,各種の屋外劇が見られ,またルネサンス期でも,たとえばイギリス・エリザベス朝時代のシェークスピア劇上演のように,観客席の一部が屋根なしの,〈半野外〉の方式をとっている例が見られる。今日のように演劇が屋内で上演されることが常態となったのは,ほぼ17,18世紀の額縁舞台(=イタリア式舞台)の完成(日本では1723年の全蓋(ぜんがい)式の歌舞伎劇場の出現)以降のことである。… ※「屋外劇」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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