Gyusoju - Gyusoju

Prime minister of the mid-Tang Dynasty in China. His pen name was Siyan and he was also known as Qizhang Gong. He claimed to be a descendant of Niu Hong, the prime minister of the Sui Dynasty, and his family home was in Anding (Gansu Province). He passed the Jinshi examination, and in 808 (the third year of the Genwa era) under the special command of the Emperor Xianzong, he sharply criticized the government and was disliked by the prime minister Li Jifou. During the Changqing era (821-824) under the Emperor Muzong, he was promoted to prime minister, and formed a political party with Li Zongmin, fighting fiercely with the faction of Li Jifou's son Li Deyu. This is the famous Niu Li party strife that is well known in history. During the reign of Emperor Wuzong (841-846), Li Deyu was at the height of his power, and he lost his real power and was demoted to a minor position. After his graduation, he was awarded the title of Prince Grand Tutor and given the posthumous name of Wenzhen. The novels "Chronicles of the Zhou and Qin Dynasty" and "Records of Ghosts" are said to have been written by him.

[Atsushi Ikeda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、中唐の宰相。字(あざな)は思黯(しあん)、奇章公ともよばれる。隋(ずい)の宰相牛弘の後裔(こうえい)を称し、安定（甘粛(かんしゅく)省）を本貫とする。進士に及第し、憲宗の808年（元和3）皇帝の特命による登用制挙に応じて鋭く時政を批判し、宰相李吉甫(りきつほ)に疎まれた。穆宗(ぼくそう)の長慶年間（821～824）に栄進して宰相となり、李宗閔(そうびん)と手を結んで朋党(ほうとう)（政党）を築き、李吉甫の子の李徳裕(とくゆう)一派と激しく争った。これが史上に名高い牛李の党争である。武宗の会昌(かいしょう)年間（841～846）には李徳裕の全盛時代を迎え、彼は実権を失って閑職に左遷された。卒(しゅっ)して太子太師を贈られ文貞と諡(おくりな)された。小説『周秦(しゅうしん)行紀』『幽怪録』は彼の著と伝えられる。

［池田　温］

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