A small bag or handbag in which a wallet, cosmetics, and other small items are carried. It refers to a bag that can be carried in the hand, held in the arms, slung over the arm or shoulder, or hung from the neck or waist. It is an accessory with a strong practical element, and is closely related to clothing styles, with its shape, size, material, and design changing with the times. In Japan, there are clutch bags (bags held in one hand), Boston bags, shoulder bags, pochettes (small pocket-like bags hung from the neck or shoulder), purses (small bags), belt pockets (passed through a belt and worn around the waist), etc. The use of bags has been around for a long time, and in Assyria from around the 9th century BC, there are reliefs of gods holding square carrier bags (one theory is that they are called buckets). In Babylonia in the 7th century BC, bags were necessary for religious ceremonies. In ancient Greece, bags were hung from belts as a substitute for pockets, a custom that continued until the late Middle Ages. In the Middle Ages, these bags were called omonnières or escarcels, and were used to hold wallets, keys, alms, knives, combs, etc. They are also said to be the origins of the pochettes that are popular today. Also, in the early 16th century, it became fashionable for women to carry perfume in them. From this time, skirts began to get larger, and a method was developed in which pockets were hidden inside the puffed skirts to serve as a substitute for bags. The modern handbag can be said to have originated from the reticule, which was born from the slim Empire style of the 19th century. The Empire style had a high waistline and narrow skirts, so the "inside skirt pocket" mentioned above was impossible, and interest in bags increased again. It was at the end of the 19th century that functional bags with a robust design were perfected. In the 20th century, the demand for bags increased as women entered the workplace, and the so-called handbag craze began. After World War II, shoulder bags became dominant. In 1975, the pochette appeared at the Paris Collection, and around the same time, small Boston bags began to become popular for town use. Casual bags are available for both men and women, and in recent years, shoulder bags for men have become popular. There are many ingenious bags, such as two-way bags, parent-child bags, and folding bags. [Hirano Yuko] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
財布や化粧品その他の小物類を入れて持ち歩く、小型の鞄(かばん)または手提げ袋。手に提げたり抱えたり、腕や肩にかけたり、首や腰につるしたりして持つ袋物をさす。実用的要素の強いアクセサリーで、衣服形態と密接な関連をもち、形、サイズ、素材、デザインは時流に応じて多様に流行が変わる。日本では、クラッチバッグ(片手で抱え持つバッグ)、ボストンバッグ、ショルダーバッグ、ポシェット(首や肩からつるす小さなポケット状のバッグ)、パース(小型バッグ)、ベルトポケット(ベルトに通してウエストにつける)などがある。 袋物の使用は古く、紀元前9世紀ごろのアッシリアには、四角い手提げ袋(一説では手桶(ておけ))を手にした神像の浮彫りがみられる。前7世紀のバビロニアでは、宗教儀式に必要なバッグがあった。古代ギリシアでは、ポケットの代用に袋をベルトにつるすことが行われ、この風習は中世後期まで続く。この袋は、中世にはオモニエール、エスカルセルとよばれ、財布や鍵(かぎ)や施し物、ナイフ、櫛(くし)などを入れていた。今日流行のポシェットのルーツともいわれる。また16世紀初期には、婦人たちに香水を入れて持ち歩くことが流行した。このころからスカートの大型化が進み、膨らませたスカートの内部に、バッグの代用を果たすポケットを隠し付けにする方法が行われた。 現代の手提げ式のハンドバッグは、19世紀のスリムなエンパイアスタイルから生まれたレティキュールが原型といえる。エンパイアスタイルは、ウエストラインが高く、スカートも細かったので、前記のような「スカート内部のポケット」は不可能であったので、ふたたびバッグへの関心が高まった。堅牢(けんろう)なデザインの機能的なバッグが完成したのは19世紀の末期。20世紀に入ると、女性の職場進出に伴ってバッグの需要が増し、いわゆるハンドバッグの大流行が始まった。第二次世界大戦後は肩にかけるショルダーバッグが支配的傾向をもつようになる。1975年、パリ・コレクションにポシェットが登場、同じころから小型のボストンバッグがタウン用にも台頭してきた。カジュアルなものは男女両用のバッグがあり、近年は男子のショルダーバッグが伸びている。ツーウェイバッグ、親子バッグ、折り畳みバッグなど、くふうを凝らしたものも多い。 [平野裕子] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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