Anahobe

Japanese: 穴穂部 - あなほべ

One of the Nashiro (substitutes) established by the Yamato court in ancient Japan. According to the Nihon Shoki, it was established for Emperor Yuryaku's elder brother Prince Anaho (Emperor Anko). The prince's palace was Anaho Palace, and it is likely that the name of the bemin was established for the management of the palace. In the Shosoin documents, the "Oshimago, Katsushika County, Shimousa Province, Family Register" from 721 (Yoro 5), which still exists, there are 546 people with the surname Anahobe, covering the entire village. This is thought to be a remnant of the old system in which Nashiro established in the eastern provinces in the 5th century did not divide the communities under the clan chief, but instead organized them into bemin and had them pay tribute in the form of Mitsugi (tributes) and Etachi (taxes) through the clan chief.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

日本古代に大和朝廷によって設けられた名代（なしろ）の一つ。《日本書紀》では，雄略天皇のとき，兄の穴穂皇子(安康天皇)のために設定したという。皇子の宮は穴穂宮であって，この宮の経営のため，宮号を冠して設定された部民であろう。《正倉院文書》のなかに現存する721年(養老5)の〈下総国葛飾郡大嶋郷戸籍〉に，孔王部（あなほべ）を姓とするものが546人にも上り，一郷全体を覆っている。これは，5世紀代に，東国に設けられた名代が，族長のもとの共同体を分割せず，そのまま部民に編成し，族長を介して，ミツギ(調)，エタチ(役)を貢納させた古い体制をのこしているものと思われる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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