Captain - Captain

Japanese: 機長 - きちょう

Generally speaking, the term "pilot in command" includes three meanings: (1) a person who is on board an aircraft and can fly the aircraft and has the qualification of pilot in command, (2) a person who is actually on board an aircraft and performs piloting duties as a pilot in command, and (3) a pilot who is legally responsible as a pilot in command for the operation and safety of the aircraft during flight. The pilot in command in the Tokyo Convention adopted in 1963 is called an aircraft commander under the treaty, and refers to the pilot in the sense of (3). Although the pilot in command is not qualified as a judicial police officer, the treaty allows the pilot in command to take necessary measures, including arresting, against those who have committed crimes on board an aircraft or other acts specified in the treaty in order to ensure the safe navigation of the aircraft and the safety of all persons on board. When Japan joined the Tokyo Convention in 1970, it amended its Aviation Law to specifically incorporate the powers of the pilot in command under the Tokyo Convention into domestic law.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

一般に機長という場合，次の3つの意味を含む。 (1) 航空機に乗組んで航空機を操縦できる者で機長という資格をもっている者，(2) 航空機に実際に乗組んで，機長という乗務割りにより操縦業務を行う者，(3) 飛行中，航空機の運航および安全について機長としての法的責任をもつ操縦者。 1963年に採択された東京条約でいう機長は，条約上は aircraft commanderと呼ばれ，(3) の意味の機長をさす。機長は司法警察員としての資格はないが，この条約により機内犯罪その他条約所定の行為をした者に対し，航空機の安全航行，航空機上のすべての人の安全を確保するため，身柄の拘束を含む必要な措置をとることができる。日本は 70年に東京条約に加入する際，航空法を改正して東京条約における機長の権限などを具体的に国内法化した。

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