Fictive kinship - giseitekishinzokukankei (English spelling)

Japanese: 擬制的親族関係 - ぎせいてきしんぞくかんけい（英語表記）fictive kinship

In cultural anthropology, the term kinship does not only refer to biological blood relatives, but also includes members with a socially recognized parent-child relationship. This parent-child/kinship relationship based on the recognition of "social birth" is called a fictitious parent-child/kinship relationship. For example, in Japan, adopted children can be freely selected from non-blood relatives, and when this is socially recognized, a parent-child relationship of adoptive parents and adopted child is established. In general, the adoption system in Eurasia, including Japan, China, and Korea, focuses on the continuation of the relationship through generations, but in sub-Saharan Africa, it is said that the relationship is often limited to two generations of the parent and child.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

文化人類学で親族という場合，生物学的血縁関係にある身内のみをさすのではなく，社会的に承認された親子関係からなる成員を含む。この〈社会的出生〉の承認による親子･親族関係を擬制的親子･親族関係という。たとえば日本の養子は非血縁者から自由に選定でき，これが社会的に承認されると，養親･養子という親子関係が成立する。概してユーラシアの養取制度では，日本，中国，朝鮮を含めて関係の世代的継続に主眼がおかれるが，サハラ以南のアフリカでは，当親子2代の関係に限定されることが多いといわれる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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