A general term for marine animals of the genus Dendrophyllia in the family Xantholinae, subclass Hexacorallia, order Scleractinia, class of Anthozoa, phylum Coelenterata, subclass Hexacorallia, order Scleractinia, class of Xantholinae. This species is characterized by thick, tree-like colonies with protruding capsules containing polyps on the branches. It is distinguished from the genera Tubastrea and Turbinaria in the family Xantholinae because the primary external septum is more developed than the secondary and lower internal septums, from the genus Balanophyllia because it forms colonies, and from the genus Rhizopsammia because its colonies are tree-like. At first glance, it resembles the skeletons of valuable corals, but its skeleton is porous and white, and is not used for carving. In general, the coenchyma is vermilion, the tentacles are yellow and transparent, and bright yellow cnidary masses are distributed all over the surface. The xanthocoral Dendrophyllia ijimai is commonly found on the seabed at depths of 50 to 100 meters south of the Chubu region of Honshu. The colony is about 30 centimeters, the trunk is about 3 centimeters in diameter, and the pods grow alternately in four rows on the branches, with each pod protruding diagonally toward the branch tip. There are 48 septa (6 + 6 + 12 + 24 = 6 + 6 + 12 + 24). The closely related xanthocoral D. micranthus has dark green coenophyll and tentacles, the colony is over 50 centimeters tall, and the pods are arranged in two rows on both sides of the branches. The xanthocoral D. arbuscula is about 10 centimeters tall, and the pods protruding from the branches are almost perpendicular to the branch axis. The xanthocoral D. cribrosa has thick trunks and branches, and the pods on them barely protrude. [Hiroomi Uchida] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
腔腸(こうちょう)動物門花虫綱六放サンゴ亜綱イシサンゴ目キサンゴ科のキサンゴ属Dendrophylliaの海産動物の総称、またはそのなかの1種。この類は太い樹状の群体を形成し、枝上にポリプの収まる莢(きょう)が突出するのが特徴で、第1次外隔壁が第2次以下の内隔壁よりよく発達することにより、キサンゴ科のイボヤギ属Tubastreaやスリバチサンゴ属Turbinariaと区別され、群体をつくることによってハナタテサンゴ属Balanophylliaから区別でき、群体が樹状をなすことによってムツサンゴ属Rhizopsammiaから区別される。一見、貴重サンゴ類の骨格に似ているが、骨格は多孔質で白く、細工には用いられない。一般に共肉は朱色、触手は黄色で透明、全面に鮮黄色の刺胞塊を分布させる。 キサンゴDendrophyllia ijimaiは、本州中部地方以南の水深50~100メートルの海底に普通に産する。群体は30センチメートルぐらいで、主幹の径は約3センチメートルになり、莢は枝上に4列に互生し、各莢は枝先方向に斜めに出る。隔壁は6+6+12+24の48枚。近縁種ナンヨウキサンゴD. micranthusは、共肉や触手が暗緑色で、群体の高さは50センチメートルを超え、莢は枝の両側に2列に配列する。ジュウジキサンゴD. arbusculaは、群体の高さ10センチメートルほどで、枝上に突出する莢は枝軸にほぼ直角である。オノミチキサンゴD. cribrosaは、幹や枝が太く、その上の莢はほとんど突出しない。 [内田紘臣] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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