Order Carnivora, Suborder Pinnipedia, Family Otariidae, Genus Otaria. Males reach a body length of about 2.8m and a weight of about 350kg, while females reach a body length of about 2.2m and a weight of about 144kg. Immediately after birth, young are 78-85cm long and weigh 11-15kg. Their coat color is yellowish orange. As they grow, the coat color of adult males darkens to a brownish orange, and the long mane-like hair on the back of the head and chest is a slightly lighter color. At birth, the topcoat is black and the undercoat is grayish orange. Once sexually mature, males are thick and sturdy from the head to the shoulders. The snout is wide and curved slightly upwards, and the muzzle is long. They have six incisors in the upper jaw and four in the lower jaw, two canines in each jaw, and twelve cheek teeth in the upper jaw and ten in the lower jaw. The breeding season varies depending on the habitat, from as early as September to as late as March. Breeding grounds are identified and used continuously. Males are assumed to migrate widely from the breeding grounds. They drift alone or in groups on the ocean. They have a wide range of diet, mainly preying on surface and demersal fishes, spiny lobsters, Japanese flying squids, octopuses, jellyfish, and other invertebrates. They are found along the coasts of the Falkland Islands and the southern tip of South America, from northern Peru in the west to southern Brazil in the east. They are coastal, and appear on the continental shelf and its slopes at sea. They may also stray into freshwater areas and glaciers. As the import and export of wild California sea lions is prohibited, they are kept in captivity as an alternative. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
食肉目鰭脚亜目アシカ科オタリア属。雄は体長約 2.8m,体重約 350kg,雌は体長約 2.2m,体重約 144kgに達する。出生直後の幼獣は体長 78~85cm,体重 11~15kgである。毛色は黄色がかった橙色。成獣の雄は成長するに従い毛色が濃くなり茶色がかった橙色を呈し,後頭部や胸部に生えるたてがみ状の長い毛はやや淡い色をしている。出生時は上毛が黒色,下毛が灰色がかった橙色である。性的成熟に達した雄は,頭部から肩部までが太く,がんじょうである。吻部は幅広く,やや上方にそり返っており,鼻口部が長い。門歯は上顎6本,下顎4本,犬歯は上顎と下顎に2本ずつ,頬歯は上顎 12本,下顎 10本である。繁殖期は生息場所によって異なり,早いもので9月,遅いもので3月である。繁殖場は特定され,継続して利用される。雄は繁殖場から広範囲に回遊すると推測される。洋上では単独あるいは群れをなして漂う。食性範囲は広く,おもに表層性および底生性魚類やイセエビ類,スルメイカ類,タコ類やクラゲ類などの無脊椎動物を捕食する。フォークランド諸島および南アメリカ大陸南端から西側ではペルー北部まで,東側ではブラジル南部までの沿岸に分布する。沿岸性で,海上では大陸棚やその斜面に出現する。また淡水域や氷河に迷入することがある。野生のカリフォルニアアシカの輸出入が禁じられたため,その代替で飼育調教されている。
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