Base development method

Japanese: 拠点開発方式 - きょてんかいはつほうしき
Base development method

...In other words, the decentralization of industries is necessary to prevent the overgrowth of cities and reduce regional disparities, but "when decentralizing industries, consideration should be given to maximizing the development effect from the perspective of the national economy as a whole," and "the appropriate allocation of industries must be made by concentrating them in order of the areas with the highest development effect." Based on this idea, the base development method was conceived, and its concrete form was the new industrial city. The base development method is the idea of ​​linking existing large agglomerations with large development bases in other regions, setting up medium-sized and small-sized bases with other functions, linking them in a string shape, and having a positive impact on the surrounding agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, and is a combination of the "pole of growth" and the "spread effect." ...

From [Regional Development]

...This method disappeared nationwide in the 1960s with the advent of the next wave of development aimed at heavy and chemical industrialization, but it is still used on an individual basis. (2) Base Development Method This is a development method unique to Japan that appeared during the period of high economic growth after 1955. The meaning of base is, first of all, not to develop the entire country regionally, but to develop local cities that will play a central and leading role in the future in areas where heavy and chemical industries (especially coastal industrial complexes) can be located.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "base development method" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…すなわち,都市の過大化を防止し,地域格差を縮小するために工業の分散が必要であるが,〈工業の分散に当たっては,国民経済全体からみて開発効果を最大にするよう考慮し〉〈工業の適正な配分は開発効果の高いものから順次に集中的になされなければならない〉というのである。このような趣旨から考え出されたのが,拠点開発方式であり,その具体化が新産業都市であった。 拠点開発方式とは,既成の大集積地とそれ以外の地域の大規模な開発拠点を関連させ,その他の機能を有する中規模,小規模拠点を設定し,これらをじゅず状に連結させ,周辺の農林漁業にも好影響を与えるという考え方で,〈成長の極pôle de croissance〉と〈波及効果spread effect〉の組み合わさったものであった。…

【地域開発】より

…この方式は全国的には60年代にあらわれた次の重化学工業化を目的とした開発の前に姿を消すが,個別的には今なお続けられている。(2)拠点開発方式 1955年以降の高度成長時代に登場した日本独自の開発方式である。拠点という意味は,まず第1に地域的には全国をおしなべて開発するのでなく,重化学工業(とくに臨海コンビナート)の立地可能地点で,将来中枢主導的役割を果たす地方都市を拠点として開発するものである。…

※「拠点開発方式」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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