Enforcement measure - enforcement measure

Japanese: 強制措置 - きょうせいそち（英語表記）enforcement measure

It refers to sanctions imposed on an aggressor nation under the collective security system, and currently usually refers to that of the United Nations. The UN in principle prohibits the use of force by individual member states, and stipulates that non-military or military measures, such as severing economic relations, be taken collectively against nations that commit acts of aggression or breach of peace. Under the UN Charter, it is the Security Council's authority to determine the existence of an act of aggression and to recommend or decide on coercive measures. The Charter envisaged the creation of a UN force to take military coercive measures, but a proper UN force has never been formed. The UN Command in Korea (1950) and the Multinational Force in the Gulf were not proper UN forces, but were the military forces of member states dispatched at the request and authorization of the UN, and there is debate as to whether their actions were coercive measures by the UN.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

集団安全保障体制のもとで，侵略国に対して加える制裁をいい，現在は通常国際連合のそれをさす。国連は加盟国の個別の武力行使を原則的に禁止し，侵略や平和破壊行為をなす国家に対しては，経済関係の断絶などの非軍事的措置または軍事的措置を集団的にとることとしている。国連憲章上，侵略行為の存在の認定と強制措置の勧告・決定は安全保障理事会の権限に属する。憲章は軍事的強制措置をとるために国連軍の創設を想定したが，本来の国連軍はいまだ編成されたことがない。朝鮮国連軍 (1950) ，湾岸多国籍軍は本来の国連軍ではなく，国連の要請・授権によって派兵された加盟国の軍隊であったため，その行動が国連の強制措置であったかどうかについては議論がある。

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