Administrative litigation matters - gyosei soshojiko

Japanese: 行政訴訟事項 - ぎょうせいそしょうじこう
Administrative litigation matters - gyosei soshojiko


[History in Japan]
Before World War II, Japan also established an administrative court system based on the systems of Germany and Austria (Article 61 of the old Constitution). However, Japan's administrative court system was a first instance and final instance system, and it adopted a very limited principle of enumeration for administrative litigation matters, making it extremely inadequate as a system for redressing rights. In terms of its implementation, it placed too much emphasis on administrative power, leading to criticism from public law scholars at the time that it was a drawback of overemphasizing government power. In postwar Japan, the administrative court system was abolished with the establishment of the new Constitution, and all legal disputes, including administrative cases, were made subject to the jurisdiction of the judicial courts, with the Supreme Court at the top (Article 76 of the Constitution of Japan, Article 3 of the Courts Act).

*Some of the terms mentioned in "administrative litigation matters" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[日本における歴史]
 第2次大戦前の日本においても,ドイツやオーストリアの制度を参考にして行政裁判制度が設けられた(旧憲法61条)。しかし,日本の行政裁判制度は,制度上,一審制にして終審制であり,かつ出訴事項(行政訴訟事項)についてきわめて限定的な列記主義の原則が採用されるなど,権利救済制度としてきわめて不十分であったばかりか,運用面においても,行政権の立場を重視しすぎて,当時の公法学者から官権偏重の弊ありと批判されるありさまであった。 戦後の日本では,新憲法の制定とともに行政裁判制度が廃止され,行政事件を含むいっさいの法律上の争訟が最高裁判所を頂点とする司法裁判所の裁判権に服するものとされることになった(日本国憲法76条,裁判所法3条)。…

※「行政訴訟事項」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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