Kung Pok

Japanese: 弓福 - きゅうふく（英語表記）Kung Pok

[raw]?
[Died] King Munseong 8 (846)
A trader and politician in the late Silla period in Korea. In Japan, he is called Chang Bao-go, and in China, he is called Chang Bo-go. His origins are unknown. He is said to have first traveled to the Tang Dynasty to serve in the military, but after returning to Korea, he was based in Qinghaijin (South Jeolla Province) and engaged in trade between the three countries of Tang, Japan, and Silla, making a huge profit. In the Tang Dynasty, he was active from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to Shandong, and in Korea, he was active in the archipelago area of Jeolla Province, making a profit from trade and controlling many subordinates. Many Japanese who entered Tang at that time received favors from him. He also intervened in Silla politics, using his enormous economic power through trade as a backdrop. After the death of King Heungdeok, when a civil war broke out over the succession to the throne, he took the royal family (later King Jinmu, King Munseong, etc.) under his protection, overthrew King Min-ae, and established King Jinmu (839). He was then succeeded by King Munseong, who appointed him General of Jinhae, but he soon fell out of sympathy with the king and was assassinated in a rebellion in the 8th year of King Munseong's reign (846). His existence is a good example of the political instability and rise of powerful clans in the final days of Silla.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]?
[没]文聖王8(846)
朝鮮，新羅末期の貿易業者，政治家。日本での呼称は張宝高，中国では張保皐 (ちょうほこう) 。出自不明。伝えによると彼は最初唐に渡って軍務に服したが，帰国して青海鎮 (全羅南道) に拠って唐，日本，新羅の3国間の貿易にたずさわり，巨利を得たという。唐では揚子江下流から山東方面にわたり，朝鮮では全羅道の多島海一帯を中心として活躍し，商利を収めるとともに多数の部下を支配した。当時入唐した日本人の多くは，彼から便宜を受けた。彼は貿易による巨大な経済力を背景として新羅の政治にも介入した。すなわち興徳王没後，王位継承をめぐる内乱が起ると彼は王族たち (のちの神武王，文聖王ら) を自己の保護下におき，閔哀王を倒して神武王を擁立した (839) 。次いで文聖王が立って彼を鎮海将軍としたが，まもなく王と不和になり，文聖王8 (846) 年反乱を起して暗殺された。彼の存在は新羅末期の政情不安と豪族の台頭を示す好例である。

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