External opening pneumothorax

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[Traumatic pneumothorax]
When the chest wall is subjected to sharp trauma (stab wounds, gunshot wounds, etc.) or blunt trauma (falls, traffic injuries, etc.) and the chest wall is ruptured from the outside or the lungs, trachea, or bronchi are ruptured from the inside, outside air enters and causes a pneumothorax. When the chest wall is ruptured, the thoracic cavity is directly connected to the outside world (this is called an external opening pneumothorax), the lungs shrink (collapse), the thorax on the injured side moves in the opposite direction to normal breathing (paradoxical movement), and the mediastinum swings due to breathing (mediastinal swing), impairing breathing on the healthy side as well, resulting in serious conditions. When the lungs are ruptured, a pneumothorax occurs through the trachea and bronchi (this is called an internal opening pneumothorax). …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "external opening pneumothorax" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

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［外傷性気胸traumatic pneumothorax］
　胸壁に鋭的外傷(刺傷，銃傷など)あるいは鈍的外傷(墜落，交通外傷など)を受けて，外から胸壁が破れたり，内側から肺，気管，気管支が破れると，外気が侵入して気胸となる。胸壁が破れると，胸腔は直接外界と通じ(これを外開口性気胸という)，肺は縮小(虚脱)するうえ，傷害側の胸郭は正常時の呼吸運動と逆の運動(奇異運動)となり，さらに，縦隔は呼吸運動によって揺れ動き(縦隔動揺)，健全な側の呼吸も障害され重篤となる。肺が破れると，気管，気管支を通して気胸(これを内開口性気胸という)が起こる。…

※「外開口性気胸」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報