Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

Japanese: 急性出血性結膜炎

4) Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis:
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis begins with sudden, intense eye pain, foreign body sensation, and photophobia, and is often accompanied by conjunctival congestion and subconjunctival hemorrhage. Eyelid edema, copious ocular discharge, conjunctival follicles, and diffuse opacification of the corneal surface are also seen. Systemic symptoms such as fever and headache are also seen in about 20% of cases. It usually resolves within about 10 days. The causative virus is enterovirus 70 or coxsackievirus A24v (v stands for mutant strain). The incubation period for enterovirus 70 is one day, whereas that for coxsackievirus A24v is 2-3 days. Enterovirus 70 can cause motor paralysis of the limbs more than six months after onset. As the name suggests, enteroviruses normally grow in the digestive tract, but neither enterovirus 70 nor coxsackievirus A24v can grow in the digestive tract, and the site of infection is limited to the conjunctiva. There is no particular seasonality in the outbreak, but sometimes explosive epidemics occur. The age range for the disease is wide, but it is most common in children, especially those between 1 and 4 years old. Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is classified as a Category 5 infectious disease and a disease that requires fixed-point monitoring (fixed-point ophthalmology monitoring) under the Infectious Diseases Control Law. It is also classified as a Category 3 school infectious disease, and students will be suspended from school until it is determined that there is no longer a risk of infection. [Nakgome Osamu]
■ References
Palacios G, Casa I, et al: Human enteroviruses. In: Infectious Diseases 3rd ed (Cohen J, et al eds), pp1528-1538, Mosby-Elsevier, 2010.

Source : Internal Medicine, 10th Edition About Internal Medicine, 10th Edition Information

Japanese:

4）急性出血性結膜炎（acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis）：
急性出血性結膜炎は突然の強い目の痛み，異物感，羞明などで始まり，結膜の充血や結膜下出血を伴うことが多い．眼瞼浮腫，多量の眼脂，結膜濾胞，角膜表層のびまん性混濁もみられる．発熱や頭痛などの全身症状も約20％の症例でみられる．通常約10日間で治癒する．原因ウイルスはエンテロウイルス70またはコクサッキーウイルスA24v（vは変異株の意）である．潜伏期はエンテロウイルス70が1日であるのに対し，コクサッキーウイルスA24vでは2～3日である．エンテロウイルス70では罹患後半年以上を経て四肢に運動麻痺が起こることがある．エンテロウイルスはその名の示すように消化管で増殖するのが普通であるが，エンテロウイルス70もコクサッキーウイルスA24vも消化管で増殖することはできず，感染部位は結膜に限局している．発生には特別な季節性はみられないが，ときどき爆発的な流行を起こす．罹患年齢は広範囲にわたるが，小児特に1～4歳に多くみられる．急性出血性結膜炎は，感染症法では五類感染症・定点把握疾患（眼科定点）に定められている．また，第三種学校伝染病に定められており，学校においては伝染のおそれがないと認められるまで出席停止の措置をとる．［中込　治］
■文献
Palacios G, Casa I, et al: Human enteroviruses. In: Infectious Diseases 3rd ed (Cohen J, et al eds), pp1528-1538, Mosby-Elsevier, 2010.

出典　内科学第10版内科学第10版について　情報

<<: Acute circulatory failure

>>: Savior