Kingdom of Cyprus

Japanese: キプロス王国 - きぷろすおうこく
Kingdom of Cyprus


[Middle Crusade]
Western Europe, centering on the temporary capital of Akko, tried to maintain the remaining territories without Jerusalem, while conducting indirect operations in the outer areas of Syria and Palestine and attempting to recapture Jerusalem through diplomatic means. Examples of this include the establishment of the Kingdom of Cyprus (1192), the creation of the Greek Latin Empire (1204) through the infamous Fourth Crusade (1202-05), known as the "Reversal Crusade," and the failed attack on Cairo at the end of the Fifth Crusade (1221). In 1228-29, the pro-Islamic Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II traveled to the Holy Land after being excommunicated by the Pope, and took advantage of his friendly relationship with the fifth Ayyubid sultan, Kamil, to win the temporary return of Jerusalem through the "Bloodless Crusade."

*Some of the terminology used to refer to the "Kingdom of Cyprus" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[中期十字軍]
 西欧側は臨時首都アッコを中心として,エルサレムなき残存領土の維持に努める一方,シリア・パレスティナの外周地域で間接的作戦を行いつつ,外交手段をもってエルサレム奪回を企てた。その間に起こったキプロス王国成立(1192),いわゆる〈方向転換十字軍〉という悪評の高い第4回十字軍(1202‐05)によるギリシアのラテン帝国創設(1204),第5回十字軍末期のカイロ攻撃失敗(1221)などはいずれもその実例である。また1228‐29年には親イスラム的な神聖ローマ皇帝フリードリヒ2世が教皇から破門をうけた身で聖地に渡り,アイユーブ朝の第5代スルタン,カーミルとの友好関係を利用して〈無血十字軍〉により一時エルサレムの返還を勝ちとった。…

※「キプロス王国」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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