Han Fei-zi (English spelling)

Japanese: 韓非子 - かんぴし（英語表記）Han Fei-zi

[raw]?
[Died] Shi Huang 14 (233 BCE)
A Chinese thinker from the state of Han in the late Warring States period. A legalist. Zi is a title or a term used to refer to his writings. Inspired by the weakness of Han, he perfected Legalist thought. He studied under Xunzi and perfected the Legalist thought of Shen Buyai, Shen Dao, Shang Yang and others. He thoroughly implemented Xunzi's theory of human nature as a theory of selfishness, and also practicalized Laozi's theory of inaction and naturalness into a theory of absolute power for the monarch and a way to manipulate his subjects. He rejected the Confucian idea of virtuous governance based on ritual and music, made laws and punishments absolute, advocated rewards and punishments according to the good, and sought to enrich the country, strengthen the military and strengthen centralization. He was sent to Qin and poisoned by Li Si. His theory was useful as a theory for the unification of the Qin Shi Huang emperor. Many parts of his work, Han Feizi, were added later. This book was called Han Zi until the Tang dynasty, but to avoid confusion with Han Yu, it was called Han Feizi from the Song dynasty onwards.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]?
[没]始皇帝14(前233)
中国，戦国時代末期の韓の思想家。法家。子は敬称，またはその著書をさすのに用いる語。韓の弱体に発奮して法家思想をきわめた。荀子に学び，申不害，慎到，商鞅らの法家思想を大成。荀子の性悪説を人性利己説に徹底させ，また老子の無為自然説を君主の絶対権力の理論と臣下操縦術に実用化し，儒学の礼楽による徳治を退け，法律，刑罰を絶対化し，信賞必罰を説き，富国強兵と中央集権強化をはかった。秦に使して，李斯に毒殺された。その説は秦始皇帝の帝国統一の理論として役立った。その著作とされる『韓非子』には後世付加の部分が多い。この書は唐代までは韓子と称したが韓愈との混同をさけるため，宗代以後は韓非子と称せられた。

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