They were bandits of the Ottoman Empire in Europe, especially in the Balkans. They were called different names in different places, such as hajdú (Hungarian), haiduc (Serbian and Romanian), and kléftis (Greek), but their activity period roughly coincides with the period of Ottoman rule. According to the many legends about hajduks in the Balkans, unable to bear the hardships of life and the brutality of the Turks, they left their villages and retreated to the mountains to form bandit groups (usually around 10 to 80 people). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
オスマン帝国のヨーロッパ支配地域,とくにバルカン地方の義賊。所によって名称は異なり,ハイドゥーhajdú(ハンガリー語),ハイドゥクhaiduc(セルビア語,ルーマニア語),クレフテスkléftis(ギリシア語)等と呼ばれたが,その活動の時期はほぼオスマン帝国支配の時期に一致する。 バルカンに数多く伝わるハイドゥク伝説によれば,生活の貧苦やトルコ人の暴虐に耐えかねて村を出た彼らは山地にこもって匪賊集団(たいてい10~80人程度)を形成した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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