A method of culturing parts of animals and plants while maintaining their three-dimensional structure and function as much as possible. Also called organotypic culture. For animal organ culture, a physiological solution (culture medium) containing plasma, serum, or chicken embryo extract is often used. The culture medium is often dissolved in agar and the organ is placed on it, or a porous membrane is floated on the culture medium and the organ is placed on it. For plant materials, on the other hand, coconut milk (endosperm of coconut fruit) or yeast extract is usually added. In plants, tissue culture often forms organs and individuals, so it is often difficult to distinguish it from organ culture. Organ culture is used to study the interactions, differentiation, proliferation, and cancer of the tissues and cells that make up the organs in both animals and plants. [Sadao Yasugi] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
動植物体の一部を、できるだけ立体的構造と機能を保った状態で培養する方法。器官型培養ともいう。動物の器官培養法としては、血漿(けっしょう)、血清、ニワトリ胚(はい)抽出液などを含む生理溶液(培養液)を用いることが多く、培養液を寒天に溶かしてその上に器官を置いたり、培養液の上に多孔質の薄膜を浮かしてその上に器官を置く方法が多く用いられる。一方、植物材料の場合はココナッツミルク(ココヤシの実の胚乳)や酵母の抽出液を加えるのが普通である。植物では組織培養されたものもしばしば器官や個体を形成するので、器官培養と区別しにくいことが多い。動植物とも、器官培養法によって、器官を構成する諸組織や細胞の相互作用、分化、増殖、癌(がん)化の問題などが研究されている。 [八杉貞雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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