CALS - Commerce At Light Speed

Electronic Transaction Support System. Originally, it started as the "Integrated Information System for Supporting Production, Procurement and Operation" developed by the US Department of Defense to improve the efficiency of procurement of military materials, but the abbreviation CALS spread rapidly because the electronic information technology was effective in strengthening the defense industry, and is now used as the abbreviation at the beginning of the name. The core of CALS is to make the exchange and sharing of information between companies and organizations paperless, dramatically improving the efficiency of the entire transaction process. The spread of the Internet, EDI (Electronic Data Interchange), and SGML (Standardization of Graphics and Language), which support it in both hardware and software, has been remarkable in recent years. In Japan, the Ministry of Construction developed and operated Construction CALS for bidding on public works in the 1990s. It was later integrated with the Airport and Port CALS of the Ministry of Transport, and is currently operated as CALS/EC (Integrated Information System for Supporting Public Works, Continuous Acquisition & Lifecycle Support / Electronic Commerce) by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, which was reorganized and integrated by both ministries.

[Masaaki Hara]

"Japan Construction Information Center, ed. CALS/EC Guidebook for Public Works Contractors" Revised Edition (2009, Economic Research Institute)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

電子取引支援システム。元来はアメリカ国防総省が兵器資材の調達効率化のため開発した「生産・調達・運用支援統合情報システム」から出発したが、その電子情報技術が防衛産業強化に成果をあげたことから略語のCALSが急速に普及し、現在では冒頭表記の略語として使われる。その核心は企業間、組織間の情報交換・情報共有をペーパーレス化して取引の全プロセスを飛躍的に効率化する点にある。それをハード、ソフト両面で支えるインターネット、EDI（電子データ交換）、SGML（図柄・言語の標準化）の普及は近年著しい。日本では、1990年代に建設省が公共事業の入札用に建設CALSを開発・運用。その後、運輸省の空港・港湾CALSと統合されて、現在は両省などが再編統合された国土交通省によるCALS/EC（公共事業支援統合情報システムContinuous Acquisition & Lifecycle Support / Electronic Commerce）として運用されている。

［原　正輝］

『日本建設情報総合センター編『CALS/ECガイドブック　公共事業受発注者のための』改訂（2009・経済調査会）』

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