In Roman law, it meant a ceremonial and legal act, but in legal proceedings (legis actio), it meant the establishment of a legal procedure for the exercise of private rights. In other words, it is a legal proceeding established by the parties to a lawsuit in front of a magistrate, through a strict formal expression of intent and a symbolic act. In proceedings based on a formula prepared by the parties together with the praetor or magistrate, which clearly indicates the issues at issue to the judge, if the praetor or magistrate approves the formula, the plaintiff can expect to receive relief for his rights, so it came to mean the right to sue. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ローマ法上,儀式的かつ法的な行為を意味したが,法律訴訟 legis actio上の用語では,私権の遂行のための訴訟手続の設定を意味した。すなわち訴訟当事者が政務官の面前で行う厳格な方式による意思表示と象徴的な行為により成立する法律訴訟のことである。当事者が法務官や政務官とともに作成し,審判人に対し争点を明示する方式書 formulaに基づいて裁判が行われる方式書訴訟では,法務官や政務官がその方式書を承認すれば原告は権利救済を受けられる期待をもつことができるので,訴権を意味することになった。
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