Forceps - Kanshi (English spelling)

Japanese: 鉗子 - かんし(英語表記)forceps
Forceps - Kanshi (English spelling)

Surgical instruments that grasp tissue by clamping it come in a variety of shapes and sizes depending on the tissue to be clamped and the purpose. They are classified by whether they have hooks or a curve, and whether they have grooves to prevent slipping. Hemostatic forceps are most commonly used in abdominal and thoracic surgery. Pean forceps, which have no hooks at the tip, are used to avoid damaging the soft and weak tissue in the abdominal and thoracic cavities, while Kocher forceps, which have hooks and a strong grip, are used for stronger tissue such as subcutaneous tissue. Kelly forceps, which have a curved, small tip, have a wide range of uses, including deep hemostasis as well as grasping and traction of soft tissue and dissection. They are used differently depending on their length and curvature. Depending on the organ, they are divided into pulmonary forceps, peritoneal forceps, vascular forceps, intestinal forceps, bone forceps, etc., and depending on the purpose, they are also classified as dissection forceps, lithotripsy forceps, hemorrhoidal forceps, etc. In addition, forceps for each purpose are used in otolaryngology, oral surgery, urology, obstetrics and gynecology, orthopedics, plastic surgery, etc.

[Kunio Okajima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

組織を挟んで把握する手術器具で、挟む組織やその目的に応じて種々の形や大きさのものがある。鉤(かぎ)や彎曲(わんきょく)の有無をはじめ、滑脱防止用の溝の有無などによる別がある。腹部外科や胸部外科でもっとも多く使われるのは止血鉗子で、腹腔(ふくくう)や胸腔内の柔らかくて弱い組織を傷つけないためには先端に鉤のないペアン鉗子が使われ、皮下などの強い組織には鉤のある把持力の強いコッヘル鉗子があり、この2種が代表的なものである。彎曲して先端が小さくなっているケリー鉗子は、深部の止血をはじめ軟組織の把持牽引(けんいん)や剥離(はくり)など、利用範囲が広い。それぞれ長短や彎曲度の違いなどによって使い分けられる。臓器別に、肺鉗子、腹膜鉗子、血管鉗子、腸鉗子、骨鉗子などにも分けられ、目的によっては、剥離鉗子、結石鉗子、痔核(じかく)鉗子などの別もある。なお、耳鼻科、口腔外科、泌尿器科、産婦人科、整形外科、形成外科などでも、それぞれの目的に応じた鉗子が使われている。

[岡島邦雄]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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