Karunkuru - Karunkuru

Japanese: カルンクル - かるんくる
Karunkuru - Karunkuru

…The berries are spherical and contain numerous seeds. The seeds are crescent-shaped with a white, fleshy appendage called a caruncle at the end. This attracts ants and is thought to be an adaptation for seed dispersal. …

From [Seeds]

…These seed coats are usually bright red and are eaten by birds, helping to disperse the seeds. Castor seeds have an appendage called a caruncle, which is a developed part of the embryo stalk, and contains a large amount of fat, also called an elaiosome. This fat body is eaten by ants and carried to their nests, but the seed itself is protected from damage and helps to disperse the seeds. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Karunkuru" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…漿果(しようか)は球形で,中には多数の種子がある。種子は半月形で末端に白いやや肉質のカルンクルと呼ばれる付属体がある。これはアリを誘引する作用をもち,種子の散布のための適応であると考えられている。…

【種子】より

…これらの種衣は普通,あざやかな紅色で,鳥に食べられることにより,種子の散布に役だっている。 トウゴマの種子には胚柄の一部が発達したカルンクルcaruncleとよばれる付属体があり,脂肪を多量に含んでいて脂肪体elaiosomeともいう。この脂肪体はアリが好んで食べ,巣穴へ運ばれるが,種子本体は食害からまぬがれ,種子の散布に役だつ。…

※「カルンクル」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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