A perennial plant of the family Mulberry (APG classification: Cannabaceae). The stems are long and creeping, with small inverted thorns along the petioles. The leaves are oval, some with three lobes, and are 5-12 cm long and wide. They have sharp tips, slightly irregular sawtooth edges, and rough hairs on both sides. They are dioecious. They flower from August to September. The male inflorescences are panicles 10-15 cm long, while the female inflorescences are conical, drooping on short stalks, and pale green-yellow. The bracts grow after flowering and are dry and membranous, with yellowish-brown glandular dots. The achenes are lenticular, 2.5-3 mm in diameter, with fine concave dots and yellowish glandular dots. They grow in mountainous areas and are distributed in Honshu north of the Chubu region, Hokkaido, and northern Chugoku. The young shoots are edible. The name comes from the fact that the fruit spike resembles a Chinese flower pattern. It is a close relative of the Chinese laurel. The parent species, hop, is native to Europe and has a remarkable number of yellow glandular spots. It is cultivated as a bittering agent for beer. [Junko Kobayashi December 13, 2019] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
クワ科(APG分類:アサ科)の多年草。茎はつる性で長く伸び葉柄とともに小さい逆向きの刺(とげ)がある。葉は卵円形で、3中裂するものもあり、長さ、幅ともに5~12センチメートル。先端は鋭くとがり、縁(へり)にやや不ぞろいの鋸歯(きょし)があり、両面に粗い毛があってざらつく。雌雄異株。花期は8~9月。雄花序は長さ10~15センチメートルの円錐(えんすい)花序、雌花序は球果状で短い柄で下垂し淡緑黄色。包葉は花期後に増大し乾いた膜質で、黄褐色を帯びた腺点(せんてん)がある。痩果(そうか)はレンズ状で径2.5~3ミリメートル、細かな凹点と黄色の腺点がある。山地に生え、中部地方以北の本州、北海道および中国北部に分布する。若芽を食用とする。果穂が唐花模様に似ているのでこの名がある。カナムグラの近縁種である。母種のホップhopはヨーロッパ原産で、黄色の腺点が著しく多く、ビールの苦味料として栽培される。 [小林純子 2019年12月13日] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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