A style of architecture and crafts practiced during the reigns of the first four kings of the Hanoverian dynasty of England, George I, II, III, and IV (1714-1830). As the period spanned over 100 years, it underwent a variety of stylistic changes. In the first half of the period, as a reaction against the Baroque style represented by C. Wren, W. Kent and others advocated the restoration of Palladio, and various attempts were made to model themselves after Italian Renaissance architecture. The growing longing for the ancient world, combined with the popularity of the Grand Tour, drove people from Rome to Greece and even the Near East, and by the middle of the 18th century, it had given rise to the popularity of exoticism such as chinoiserie and Gothic tastes. In this environment, Robert Adam, based on his research into the recently discovered ruins of Pompeii and other sites, created an elegant and refined neoclassical architecture that made full use of light decorative motifs. In the arts and crafts sector, pottery makers J. Wedgwood, furniture makers T. Chippendale and T. Sheraton have been particularly successful. [Hiroyuki Tanida] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスのハノーバー朝、最初の4人の国王ジョージ1世、2世、3世、4世の治世(1714~1830)に行われた建築・工芸の様式。期間が100年余にわたるため様式的にもさまざまな局面を有している。前半はC・レンに代表されるバロックに対する反動から、W・ケントらを中心にパッラディオの復権が唱導され、イタリア・ルネサンス建築に範をとった種々の試みがなされた。高まりつつあった古代への憧憬(しょうけい)は、グランド・ツアーの流行と相まって、人々をローマからギリシア、さらに近東へと駆り立て、18世紀もなかば過ぎには中国趣味(シノワズリー)などの異国趣味やゴシック趣味の流行をも生み出すことになった。こうしたなかでロバート・アダムは、発見されたばかりのポンペイ遺跡などの研究に基づいて、軽快な装飾モチーフを駆使した優雅で端正な新古典主義建築を実現した。工芸では、陶磁器のJ・ウェッジウッドや家具のT・チッペンデール、T・シェラトンなどが目覚ましい活躍をみせている。 [谷田博行] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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