...This was the result of Kodak's standards surpassing those of Pathét of France and dominating the world's small-format film market. Meanwhile, amid a move to standardize standards within the industry, Fuji Photo Film developed the "Single 8" system in 1965 (the same film size as Kodak's Super 8 system, but with some added features, it was more suitable for beginners and less expensive) and entered the global market, which led to the development of a wider range of amateur filmmakers in Japan. If the beginning of "home movies" was when Kodak teamed up with Edison to put 16mm film to practical use in 1923 and young American mothers took pictures of their children playing with a hand-cranked camera, then it was only natural that Kodak's corporate policy targeting the home led to the development of smaller and cheaper equipment and film (8mm) and the support of amateurs. Thus, small-format films started out as films that anyone could make, but in the end, they never established their own unique media theory and remained merely "movie-like." In that sense, it could be said that they were inevitably destined to be replaced by the development of home video as a more "domestic" medium that was simple, economical, and could be enjoyed by the whole family. *Some of the terminology used to refer to "family films" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これはアメリカのコダック社の規格がフランスのパテー社をしのいで世界の小型映画市場を掌握した結果であり,一方,業界の規格統一の動きの中で65年富士写真フイルムが〈シングル8〉システム(コダック社のスーパー8システムとフィルムのサイズは同じだが,いくつかの特性が加わり,より初心者向けで,より安価であった)を開発し世界市場進出を果たしたことは,日本国内により広範なアマチュア映画作家を開拓するきっかけになった。 1923年,コダック社がエジソンと組んで16ミリフイルムを実用化し,アメリカの若い母親たちが,遊んでいるわが子を手回しで撮影したのが〈家庭映画〉(ホームムービー)の始まりであったとすれば,このようなホーム(家庭)をターゲットとしたコダック社の企業ポリシーが,より小型でより安価な機材とフィルム(8ミリ)を開発し,アマチュアの支持を勝ち得たのは当然のなりゆきであった。 こうしてだれにでも撮れる映画として出発した小型映画であったが,結局,独自のメディア論を確立することもなく,あくまでも〈映画のようなもの〉にとどまった一面があり,その意味でさらに〈家庭的な〉媒体として簡易で経済的で家族全部が楽しめるホームビデオの開発によって,必然的にとって代わられる運命にあったといえよう。… ※「家庭映画」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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