It is the name given to international agreements that are promises between nations, and is generally translated as treaty, but can also be translated as "contract." Since the treaties on war established at the Hague Peace Conferences in 1899 and 1907 were named conventions, the term has been commonly used for treaties established at international conferences hosted by international organizations, such as the League of Nations in 1919 and the United Nations in 1945. Therefore, it is used not for bilateral treaties, but for multilateral treaties established at international (diplomatic) conferences, and the treaty content is not the creation of new rules, but rather for "codification treaties" that create in the form of treaties content that has already been established as international customary law. [Sakutaro Tsutsugi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
国家間の約束である国際的合意につけられた名称で、一般的に条約と訳されるが、とくに「協約」と訳されることもある。1899年および1907年のハーグ平和会議で成立した戦争に関する諸条約がコンベンションと名づけられて以来、19年の国際連盟、45年の国際連合のように、国際機構が主催する国際会議で成立する条約に共通して使用されてきた。したがって、二国間条約ではなく、国際(外交)会議で成立する多数国間条約の場合に用いられ、条約内容も新しい規則の作成ではなく、すでに国際慣習法として確立している内容を、条約の形で作成する「法典化条約」の場合に用いられる。 [經塚作太郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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