Hybridoma

Japanese: hybridoma
Hybridoma

…In addition to cancer research and virology, other research fields also owe a great deal to cell culture methods. Cell fusion using cultured cells allows the formation of hybrid cells by fusing nuclei with different genetic compositions, which has become the basis for the development of somatic cell genetics and cell engineering, such as the analysis of gene expression mechanisms in higher animals including humans, the creation of chromosome maps, and the creation of hybridomas. It has also made it possible to produce monoclonal antibodies, analyze cell surface receptors, and analyze cell differentiation and cell-cell interactions, making a significant contribution to research in immunology and embryology. In addition, in the medical and industrial fields, chromosome analysis using cultured cells collected from amniotic fluid makes it possible to predict genetic abnormalities in fetuses, and viral infections can be quantitatively or qualitatively tested using monolayer cell cultures of host cells. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "hybridoma" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…癌研究やウイルス学に加えて,他の研究分野も細胞培養法に負うところが大である。培養細胞を用いた細胞融合は,遺伝的組成の異なる核の融合による雑種細胞hybrid cellの形成を可能にし,ヒトを含めた高等動物の遺伝子発現機構の解析,染色体地図の作製,ハイブリドーマhybridomaの作製など,体細胞遺伝学や細胞工学の発展の基盤となり,それを利用したモノクローナル抗体の産生や細胞表面レセプターの解析,細胞分化や細胞間相互作用の解析などが可能になり,免疫学や発生学の研究に大きく寄与している。そのほか,医療や産業の面でも,羊水から採集した細胞の培養による染色体解析から,胎児の遺伝的異常を予知することが可能であり,ウイルス感染も宿主細胞の単層細胞培養により,量的または質的に検定される。…

※「hybridoma」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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