It is a type of felt that utilizes the characteristics of wool fibers, and when it is shrunk, patterns such as flowers, plants, and people are inlaid into it, which is called a ka-ka. There are two methods for making it: the trampling method and the rolling method. In the first method, wool is placed in a certain thickness on a frame of a certain size, an alkaline solution is poured over it, and the wool that has been dyed separately is placed in the pattern, and the process is further trampled. In the other method, wool is placed on a mat, and after the above-mentioned treatment, it is rolled up and rolled up from above. Originally produced by nomadic peoples, it was imported from Central Asia via China during the Asuka and Nara periods, and many ka-ka are preserved in the Shosoin Repository. There is a theory that in ancient Japan, sheep were raised in Shimotsuke Province (Tochigi Prefecture) and ka-ka were made. In addition, in 1805 (Bunka 2), the Nagasaki magistrate invited felt manufacturing technicians from China to introduce the technology. [Kadoyama Yukihiro] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
羊毛繊維の特性を利用したフェルトの一種で、その縮絨(しゅくじゅう)のときに、宝相華(ほうそうげ)や花草人物などの模様をはめ込んだものを花氈とよんでいる。製作法には、踏み固め法と簀巻(すま)き法の二つがある。一つは、一定の枠の大きさに羊毛を適当な厚さに置き、アルカリ性液を注いで足で踏み固め、別に原毛染めした羊毛を模様どおりに置き、さらに踏み固めたものである。もう一つは、簀の上に羊毛を置き、前述の処理を施したのち、ぐるぐると巻き、上から足で踏み固めるものである。もと遊牧民族の所産であったが、飛鳥(あすか)・奈良時代には中央アジアから中国を通して舶載され、正倉院に多くの花氈が残されている。わが国でも下野(しもつけ)国(栃木県)で、古代にはヒツジを飼育し、氈(おりかも)を製作したという説がある。また1805年(文化2)には長崎奉行(ぶぎょう)が中国より毛氈製造技術者を招いて、技術導入を図っている。 [角山幸洋] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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