Alessandria is the capital of the province of Alessandria in the Piedmont region of northwest Italy. It has a population of 82,201 (2001 census estimate). It is located on the right bank of the Tanaro River and is a key transportation hub connecting the three major industrial cities of Milan, Turin, and Genoa. The city was founded in 1168, during the conflict between Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I and the Lombard League, and was named after Pope Alexander III (reigned 1159-1181). After the mid-19th century, when its function as a fortress city declined, the city took advantage of its location to actively trade agricultural and livestock products. Felt hats and silversmithing were also manufactured here, and today a wide range of activities are seen, including machinery and chemicals, sugar refining, shoemaking, and printing. Since the 1950s, the city has seen a marked urbanization phenomenon in the suburbs. [Kenichi Sakai] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリア北西部、ピエモンテ州アレッサンドリア県の県都。人口8万2201(2001年国勢調査速報値)。タナロ川右岸に位置し、ミラノ、トリノ、ジェノバの三大工業都市を結ぶ交通の要地である。市の成立は、神聖ローマ皇帝フリードリヒ1世とロンバルディア同盟の抗争時代にまでさかのぼり、1168年ごろ、時の教皇アレクサンデル3世Alexander Ⅲ(在位1159~1181)にちなんで名づけられた。要塞(ようさい)都市としての機能が低下する19世紀なかば以降は、地の利を生かして農畜産物の取引が盛んに行われた。またフェルト帽の製造、銀細工なども営まれ、現在ではさらに機械、化学をはじめ、製糖、製靴、印刷業など広範囲な活動がみられる。1950年代以降、近郊の都市化現象が著しい。 [堺 憲一] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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