Discomfort index - Fukai Shisuu

Japanese: 不快指数 - ふかいしすう
Discomfort index - Fukai Shisuu

The degree of hotness, coldness, coolness or warmth that the body actually feels is governed not only by air temperature, but also by wind strength and humidity. The combination of these is called the sensible temperature. Strong winds result in a lower sensible temperature. High humidity results in a higher sensible temperature, and low humidity results in a lower sensible temperature. The discomfort index was invented in America and is a Fahrenheit expression of the sensible temperature calculated from a combination of air temperature and humidity. An index of 75 means that the sensible temperature is 75 Fahrenheit. Because this term has an unpleasant feel to it, it was renamed the temperature and humidity index in America, but in Japan it remained the same.

The temperature and humidity index began to be used as a guideline for predicting how much electricity would be needed for heating and cooling in offices and factories. Because it is for indoor air conditioning, it is based on the assumption of no wind from the start, and does not take into account wind speed, which is one element of perceived temperature.

[Kazuo Hiratsuka]

[Reference item] | Feeling temperature

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

実際に身体に感じる暑さ、寒さ、涼しさや暖かさの程度は、気温だけでなく、風の強弱と湿度の高低にも支配される。これらの組合せを体感温度という。風が強いと体感温度は低くなる。湿度が高いと体感温度は高くなり、湿度が低いと体感温度は低くなる。不快指数は、アメリカで考え出されたもので、気温と湿度の組合せで求めた体感温度を華氏の数字で表現したもの。指数75とは、体感温度が華氏で75ということである。語感が悪いので、アメリカでは温湿指数といいかえたが、日本ではそのまま流行した。

 温湿指数は、事務室や工場内の暖冷房のためにどのくらいの電力が必要かを予測する目安として使われ始めた。室内の空気調節のためであるから、初めから無風状態を前提としており、体感温度の一要素である風速は考慮の対象外となっている。

[平塚和夫]

[参照項目] | 体感温度

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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