Phenanthrene - phenanthrene (English spelling)

Japanese: フェナントレン - ふぇなんとれん(英語表記)phenanthrene
Phenanthrene - phenanthrene (English spelling)

An aromatic hydrocarbon with three condensed benzene rings. It is an isomer of anthracene.

It is a colorless plate-like crystal that dissolves in benzene and ether but is poorly soluble in alcohol. It was discovered in coal tar by R. Fittig of Germany in 1872, and is mainly isolated from anthracene oil. It can also be obtained by the cyclization and dehydrogenation reaction of stilbene with light.

It has a larger resonance energy than anthracene (387.5 kJ/mol) and is stable. The solution emits blue fluorescence. When oxidized with chromic acid, phenanthrenequinone is obtained. It undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions, but since this results in polysubstituted compounds or mixtures, the Howarth method is superior for synthesizing pure derivatives. It is important as a raw material for the synthesis of dyes and pharmaceuticals.

[Mukai Toshio]

[References] | Anthracene | Fittig [Supplementary information] | Phenanthrene (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

3個のベンゼン環が縮合した芳香族炭化水素。アントラセンと異性体の関係にある。

 無色板状結晶で、ベンゼン、エーテルには溶けるがアルコールには溶けにくい。1872年ドイツのR・フィティッヒにより、コールタール中に存在することがみいだされ、主としてアントラセン油から分離される。またスチルベンの光による環化・脱水素反応によっても得ることができる。

 アントラセンより共鳴エネルギーは大きく(387.5kJ/mol)、安定である。溶液は青色の蛍光を放つ。クロム酸を用いて酸化すると、フェナントレンキノンが得られる。求電子置換反応を受けるが、多置換体や混合物になるので、誘導体を純粋に合成するのにはハウワース法が優れている。染料、医薬品の合成原料として重要である。

[向井利夫]

[参照項目] | アントラセン | フィティッヒ[補完資料] | フェナントレン(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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