Date of birth and death unknown. Greek skeptical philosopher of the 1st century. Born in Knossos. No writings remain, but "Pyrrhonian Disputation" is known. The aim of his philosophy was to revive skepticism, which had been lost in the Academy under the influence of Antiochus. He discovered the tropoi, a ten-point method of skepticism that became the model for skeptics. According to this, sensation and knowledge depend on (1) the bodily structure of each animal species, (2) the constitution of each individual human being, (3) the structure of each sensory organ, (4) physiological and psychological conditions, (5) the position, distance, and location of the object, (6) the medium of sensation, (7) the quantity of the object, (8) the frequency of the event, and (9) culture, customs, and laws, and in general, (10) all knowledge is relative. From the above, he believed that it was impossible to know the true nature of things, and he advocated the suspension of judgment (epoche). He also denied the principle of causation. [Yamamoto Takashi January 20, 2015] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
生没年不詳。1世紀ごろのギリシア懐疑派の哲学者。クノッソス出身。著作は残っていないが『ピュロン式議論』などが知られている。彼の哲学の目的は、アカデメイアがアンティオコスの影響下で失った懐疑主義を再興することにあった。懐疑派のモデルになった10か条の懐疑の方式tropoiの発見者である。それによれば感覚、知識は、(1)動物各種族の身体構造、(2)人間各個人の体質、(3)各感覚器官の構造、(4)生理心理上の条件、(5)対象の位置、距離、場所、(6)感覚の媒体、(7)対象の量、(8)できごとの頻度、(9)文化、習慣、法律、に依存しており、総じて、(10)あらゆる知識は相対的である、とした。 以上より、物の本性の確実な知識は不可能で、判断中止(エポケー)を提唱した。また彼にあっては因果性も否定された。 [山本 巍 2015年1月20日] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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