The Chinese-Yi Order

...The area north of the Wajinchi was called "Ezochi" (including parts of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin Island) and was designated as the habitation area of ​​the Ainu people. This regional division system was established as a way for the Matsumae clan to directly monopolize Ainu trade, but at the same time, it was characterized as part of the Japanese-style Sinocentric order, which was centered on diplomatic and trade relations with foreign countries and territories through the "four gateways" under the closed-door policy: the Shogunate (Nagasaki) - Holland and China, the Shimazu clan (Satsuma Domain) - Ryukyu, the So clan (Tsushima Domain) - Korea, and the Matsumae clan (Matsuma Domain) - Ezochi (Ainu people). Therefore, in the early modern period, the Wajinchi was given the character of being a foreign territory and outside the domain of the state, but since the Matsumae clan did not have rice yields, the villages within the Wajinchi did not have village yields.

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "Hua-i order" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…和人地以北の地を〈蝦夷地〉(千島･樺太島の一部を含む)と称し，アイヌ民族の居住地とした。こうした地域区分体制は，直接的には松前氏のアイヌ交易独占を実現する方策として成立したものであったが，同時に，幕府(長崎)―オランダ･中国，島津氏(薩摩藩)―琉球，宗氏(対馬藩)―朝鮮，松前氏(松前藩)―蝦夷地(アイヌ民族)という鎖国体制下の〈四つの口〉を介した異域･異国との外交･通交関係を軸とした日本型華夷秩序の一環として位置づけられていたところに大きな特徴がある。したがって近世にあっては，和人地までが幕藩制国家の領域，蝦夷地は異域･化外の地という性格を与えられていたことになるが，松前氏には石高がなかったことから，和人地内の村には村高がなかった。…

※「華夷秩序」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報