This hypothesis was proposed by JF Jacob and JL Mono in 1961 to explain the transcriptional regulation of genes in prokaryotic cells. A system in which several genes are controlled by an upstream regulatory region is called an operon, and the mechanism of transcriptional regulation was explained using a feedback-based model. The regulatory region was assumed to have two opposing functions, an operator and a repressor, located close to the RNA polymerase binding site (promoter). The existence of similar regulatory mechanisms was subsequently demonstrated for many genes, and the basic concept is now also inherited in the transcriptional regulation of eukaryotes. Jacob and Mono received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1965 for this theory. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
原核細胞の遺伝子の転写調節を説明するために,1961年,J. F.ジャコブと J. L.モノが提唱した仮説。いくつかの遺伝子群が,上流にある調節領域に制御されている1つの系をオペロンと呼び,フィードバックをもとにしたモデルで,転写調節の仕組みを説いた。 RNAポリメラーゼ結合部位 (プロモーター) に近接したオペレーターとリプレッサーという2つの相反する機能をもつ調節領域を想定した。その後,類似した調節機構の存在が多くの遺伝子で実証され,現在は真核生物の転写制御でもその基本的な考え方は継承されている。なお,ジャコブとモノはこれにより 1965年ノーベル生理学・医学賞を受賞した。
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