A marine fish belonging to the family Fagus, order Scorpaeniformes, class of Osteichthyes. It is found throughout Japan, the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, and the coasts of the Yellow Sea. In Hokkaido it is often called Aburako, and in the Tohoku region it is called Aburame. Characteristic features of this species include five lateral lines running down the sides of its body, and when the tail fin is spread out, the rear end of the fin is nearly straight. The body color varies widely, from yellow to reddish brown, depending on where it lives. The spawning season is from late autumn to winter, during which the males' orange-yellow color deepens, making them distinguishable from the females. The eggs are orange-yellow or reddish purple, and very sticky. They lay about 650 to 10,000 eggs in clusters on seaweed or rocks. After spawning, the females go deep into the ocean, but the males protect the eggs until they hatch. Curiously, they have a habit of eating the egg clusters of other individuals, which often leads to fights. The hatched larvae are about 7.4 mm long and live a floating life. They grow to about 10 cm in about six months, and appear in large numbers in coastal seaweed beds. The bodies of the juveniles during this period are uniformly blue-green. They grow to about 15 cm in one year, and about 30 cm in four years. Males reach maturity in one year, and females in two years. Adult fish usually live in rocky areas and feed on small crustaceans, anchovies, sand lances, etc. It is caught by fishing, gill nets, cages, and fixed nets, but is a popular recreational fishery. Its closely related species include the Japanese rockfish, found throughout Japan, the striped rockfish, the rabbit rockfish, and the Ezo rockfish, found north of Hokkaido. The Japanese rockfish and striped rockfish can be easily distinguished by comparing them with the characteristics of the rockfish mentioned above. They can be distinguished from the Ezo rockfish by the presence of a skin flap on the back of the head and the first lateral line reaching almost to the rear of the dorsal fin. It is delicious in spring and summer, and large fish have little odor and can be eaten raw, but they are mostly enjoyed boiled. They are quickly boiled and used as a soup ingredient or chirinabe (hot pot) ingredient for their mild flavor, and are also used in teriyaki, miso-zuke, and kasu-zuke. When eating raw fish, care must be taken to avoid parasites. [Kunio Amano] It often stays still on the seabed, but has five lateral glands that act as sensory organs and are sensitive to noise. It has local names such as Aburako and Aburame. © Underwater Fort Enterprise, Isamu Soyama "> Rockfish (ecology) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
硬骨魚綱カサゴ目アイナメ科に属する海水魚。日本各地、朝鮮半島南部、黄海(こうかい)の沿岸に分布する。北海道ではアブラコ、東北地方ではアブラメとよぶところが多い。体側に5本の側線が走ること、尾びれを広げるとその後端が直線に近いことなどがこの種の特徴である。体色はすむ場所によって黄色、赤褐色など変化に富む。 産卵期は晩秋から冬で、この期の雄は橙黄(とうこう)色が濃くなり、雌と区別できる。卵は橙黄色や赤紫色で、粘着性が強い。約650~1万粒の卵を塊状に海藻や岩石に産み付ける。産卵後、雌は深みへ去るが、雄は卵が孵化(ふか)するまで保護する。奇妙なことに、ほかの個体の卵塊を食べる習性があり、このためにしばしば闘争がみられる。孵化した仔魚(しぎょ)は全長7.4ミリメートルぐらいで、浮遊生活をする。およそ半年で10センチメートルほどになり、沿岸の藻場(もば)に多数出現する。この期の稚魚は体が一様に青緑色になる。1年で15センチメートル、4年で30センチメートルぐらいに成育する。雄は1年、雌は2年で成熟する。成魚は普通、岩礁域にすみ、小形の甲殻類、カタクチイワシ、イカナゴなどを食べる。釣り、刺網(さしあみ)、かご、定置(ていち)網などで漁獲されるが、遊漁の対象として人気がある。 近縁種には、日本の各地に分布するクジメ、北海道以北にみられるスジアイナメ、ウサギアイナメ、エゾアイナメがある。クジメとスジアイナメとは、前述したアイナメの特徴との比較で容易に区別できる。エゾアイナメとは後頭部に皮弁があること、第1側線が背びれの後部近くまで達することなどで区別できる。 春夏に美味となり、大形のものは臭みが少ないので刺身にもされるが、多くは煮魚として賞味される。さっと湯がいて椀種(わんだね)、ちり鍋(なべ)の具として淡泊な風味が喜ばれ、照焼き、みそ漬け、粕(かす)漬けにも用いられる。刺身にするときには寄生虫に注意する必要がある。 [尼岡邦夫] 海底にじっとしていることが多いが、感覚器官である側腺が5本もあり、物音に敏感である。アブラコ、アブラメなどの地方名がある©水中フォート・エンタープライズ 楚山いさむ"> アイナメ(生態) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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