Kameyama

Japanese: 亀山 - かめやま

A castle town established in the early modern period in Kuwata County, Tanba Province. It is currently the urban area of Kameoka City, Kyoto Prefecture. From 1575 to the end of the 1570s, Tanba Province was pacified by Akechi Mitsuhide, who supported Oda Nobunaga. Mitsuhide built Kameyama Castle here around 1579 to control Tanba, and at the same time a castle town was formed. The castle was a flatland castle built on a hill (Kameyama) on the river terrace on the right bank of the Oi River, and the castle town was built from the south to the northwest of the castle. After the Honnoji Incident, it came under the control of Hashiba Hideyoshi (Toyotomi Hideyoshi), and Hashiba Hidekatsu, Kobayakawa Hideaki, Maeda Gen'i and others resided in the castle as deputies or castle lords. Maeda Gen'i was granted a fief (50,000 koku) by Tokugawa Ieyasu even after the Battle of Sekigahara, and after his death, his second son Shigekatsu took over, but he was soon transferred, and in 1609, Okabe Nagamori was appointed (32,000 koku, later 34,000 koku) and established the Kameyama Domain. From then until 1749, the domain changed hands for two generations of the Matsudaira (Oki) clan (22,200 koku), two generations of the Suganuma clan (41,000 koku, later 38,000 koku), three generations of the Matsudaira (Fujii) clan (38,000 koku), Kuze Shigeyuki (50,000 koku), Inoue Masamine (47,000 koku), and three generations of the Aoyama clan (50,000 koku), and from 1748, the Matsudaira (Katahara) clan (50,000 koku) remained in the castle until the abolition of the domains and establishment of prefectures. It is said that the castle town was formed by the relocation of farmers from neighboring villages, and many people owned fields and farmed in their villages while living in the castle town. Therefore, in addition to the town elders (three people who were in charge of the entire castle town), the chief minister (one person in each town), and the village headman of the village to which the town belonged, the towns were governed by them. In 1841, there were 20 towns and a total of 1,225 households. In 1869, when the domain was returned to the Emperor, the domain's name was changed to Kameoka Domain to avoid confusion with the Ise Kameyama Domain, and at the same time the castle town came to be called Kameoka, and in 1889 Kameoka Town was established. In 1955, it became Kameoka City.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

丹波国桑田郡に近世初期に成立した城下町。現京都府亀岡市の市街地部にあたる。1575年から70年代の末にかけて，丹波国は織田信長方の明智光秀によって平定され，光秀は1579年ころ丹波支配のため当地に亀山城を築造，同時に城下町が形成された。城は大堰(おおい)川右岸の河岸段丘上にある丘（亀山）を利用して築かれた平山城で，城下町は城の南部から北西方向に造られた。本能寺の変後は羽柴秀吉（豊臣秀吉）の支配下に置かれ，羽柴秀勝，小早川秀秋，前田玄以(げんい)らが代官あるいは城主として在城。前田玄以は関ヶ原の戦後も徳川家康から知行安堵され（５万石），玄以没後は次男茂勝が継いだが，間もなく転封となり，1609年岡部長盛が入封（３万2000石，のち３万4000石），亀山藩を立藩。以後1749年までの間に松平（大給）氏２代（２万2200石），菅沼氏２代（４万1000石，のち３万8000石），松平（藤井）氏３代（３万8000石），久世重之（５万石），井上正岑（４万7000石），青山氏３代（５万石）と藩主が替わり，1748年からは松平（形原）氏（５万石）が廃藩置県まで在城した。城下町は近隣の村々から百姓を移住させて形成したと伝え，城下に住みながら出身の村々に田畑を保有して農業を営む者が多かったという。そのため町年寄（３名。城下町全体を管轄），肝煎（各町に１名）のほか町々の属する村に置かれた庄屋の支配も受けた。1841年には町数20，総戸数1225。1869年版籍奉還に際して，伊勢亀山藩との混同を避けるため藩名が亀岡藩と改称され，同時に城下町も亀岡と呼ばれるようになり，1889年亀岡町が成立。1955年亀岡市となる。
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