Round-trip engine - Oufuku Kikan

Japanese: 往復機関 - おうふくきかん
Round-trip engine - Oufuku Kikan

A machine consisting of a cylinder and a piston, which generates power by increasing the pressure inside the cylinder in various ways and causing the piston to move back and forth. The main types are steam engines, which send steam generated in a boiler into the cylinder and use the steam pressure to move the piston, and internal combustion engines, which ignite and explode fossil fuels such as gasoline or heavy oil inside the cylinder, and use the force to move the piston. Usually, the reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into the rotational motion of the crankshaft via a piston rod, connecting rod, and crank. The piston of a reciprocating engine has the disadvantage of being prone to vibration as it repeatedly stops, accelerates, and decelerates, but it is widely used as a power engine because it is easy to manufacture and lubricate.

[Hidetaro Nakayama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

シリンダーとピストンからできていて、シリンダー内の圧力を種々の方法で高め、ピストンを往復運動させ、動力を得る機械。おもなものは、ボイラーで発生させた蒸気をシリンダー内に送り込み蒸気の圧力でピストンを動かす蒸気機関と、ガソリンまたは重油などの化石燃料をシリンダー内で点火爆発させ、その力でピストンを動かす内燃機関とがある。通常、ピストンの往復運動は、ピストン棒、連接棒、クランクを介してクランク軸の回転運動に変えて利用する。往復機関のピストンは静止、加速、減速を繰り返すので振動を伴いやすい欠点があるが、製作や潤滑が容易であるため、動力機関として広く使用されている。

[中山秀太郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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