Pseudomembranous colitis

Japanese: 偽膜性腸炎 - ぎまくせいちょうえん
Pseudomembranous colitis

…(7) Bacterial replacement Various bacteria live in the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, digestive tract, vagina, etc. in a certain ratio and play a physiological role, but this ratio is disrupted by the administration of antibiotics due to differences in drug sensitivity, resulting in bacterial replacement. Known cases include staphylococcal enteritis (when broad-spectrum antibiotics are administered, resistant staphylococci grow in the intestinal tract and cause enteritis), candidiasis (when large amounts of antibiotics are used for a long period of time in patients with weakened resistance, intestinal candidiasis may occur due to the mold Candida albicans ), and pseudomembranous enteritis (a bacterial replacement enteritis caused by anaerobic resistant clostridium, which may cause fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and even death). (8) Side effects of antitumor antibiotics Currently used anticancer drugs also act on normal tissues where cell division is active, so they inevitably have side effects such as white blood cell reduction, decreased immunity, gastrointestinal disorders, and hair loss. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "pseudomembranous colitis" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…(7)菌交代症 口腔,上気道,消化管,腟などにはいろいろな細菌が一定の比率で住みついて生理的役割をはたしているが,抗生物質投与により薬剤感受性の違いからこの比率がくずれ菌交代現象を生ずる。ブドウ球菌腸炎(広域抗生物質を投与中,耐性ブドウ球菌が腸管内で増殖して腸炎を起こす),カンジダ症(抵抗力の減じた患者に多量の抗生物質を長期にわたり使用するとカビであるカンジダ・アルビカンスCandida albicansにより腸管カンジダ症を起こすことがある),偽膜性腸炎(嫌気性の耐性クロストジウムによる菌交代症腸炎で,発熱,腹痛,下痢を呈し死に至ることもある)などが知られている。(8)抗腫瘍抗生物質による副作用 現在用いられている制癌剤は,細胞分裂の盛んな正常組織にも作用するので,宿命的に白血球減少,免疫力低下,胃腸障害,脱毛などの副作用を伴う。…

※「偽膜性腸炎」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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