Kamakura

Japanese: かまくら
Kamakura

This is one of the Little New Year events held in Akita Prefecture. Nowadays, it is an all-children's event where snow is piled up by the roadside to a depth of about 2 meters, then dug and widened to make a snow room, where straw mats and blankets are laid out, a stove is brought in and people roast mochi (rice cakes), boil amazake (sweet sake) is eaten, and the snow is shared with passersby in return for coins and mochi. Those in Yokote City set up an altar in the snow room, erect a sacred offering, light a lamp and worship the water god. The name kamakura comes from the shape of this enclosed and hardened snow cave, and is similar to the kama (hearth) or kama (pot) or the "kama" or "kamakura" that are found in various places as geographical names. Kamakura city in Kanagawa prefecture is also merely a similar topographical name, and the attempt to link Akita's "kamakura" with the Kamakura shogunate or Kamakura Gongoro is a later addition. This event is a series of events including the New Year's hut, the Tondo hut, and the bird-chasing hut, and its main purpose was to welcome and entertain the deities who had come from afar at the beginning of the year, and to live a life of abstinence by staying in the hut. While interest in the Tondo hut has shifted to fire festivals, and the hut lifestyle has faded, the kamakura is a snow room, so vestiges of hut life remain to this day. In the southeastern part of Akita city in Akita prefecture (formerly Kawabe district), this is linked to the bird-chasing event, and it is called both "kamakura" and "torioi." They erect five or six stakes in the fields and tie the tops together, pile straw and charcoal bags around them and set them on fire, then attach the burning bales to poles and swing them around. They also parade through the fields with torches, chasing birds. In Rokugo, Misato-cho, Senboku-gun, there is an event called the "Kamakura Bamboo Battle," in which young men split into two groups and hit each other with green bamboo. Records from the Bunka era (1804-18) also mention "kamakuras" swinging torches.

[Shoji Inoguchi]

[References] | Little New Year | Sagicho | Bird-chasing | Fire festival | Abstinence
Kamakura
The original purpose of this festival was to entertain the gods on Little New Year's Day and to live a life of abstinence, but now it has become a children's event. The water god is worshiped in front of a hearth-shaped snow room, sweet sake is warmed, and mochi is roasted and eaten. Yokote City, Akita Prefecture © Akita Prefecture Tourism Division ">

Kamakura


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

秋田県に行われる小正月(こしょうがつ)行事の一つ。いまはすべて子供の行事で、道端などに縦横2メートルぐらいに雪を積み上げて固め、中を掘り広めて雪室(ゆきむろ)をつくり、莚(むしろ)や毛布を敷き、こんろを持ち込んで餅(もち)を焼いたり、甘酒を沸かして飲食し、また通りがかりの人にふるまって銭や餅をもらう。横手市のものは雪室の中に祭壇を設けて幣を立て、灯明をともして水神を祭る。かまくらという名称は、囲み、固めたこの雪洞(ゆきあな)の形からの命名で、竈(かま)や釜(かま)、あるいは地形名として各地にある「かま」や「かまくら」と同類のものである。神奈川県鎌倉市も同様の地形地名であるにすぎず、秋田の「かまくら」を鎌倉幕府や鎌倉権五郎と関係づけようとするのは、後世の付会である。この行事は、正月小屋、とんど小屋、鳥追い小屋と一連のもので、年の初めに遠来の神を迎えてもてなし、また小屋にこもって物忌みの生活を送ることが本旨であった。とんど小屋のほうは火祭りに興味の中心が移り、小屋生活の面が薄れているのに対して、かまくらは雪室であるため小屋生活のおもかげをいまに残したのである。同じ秋田県の秋田市東南部(旧河辺(かわべ)郡)あたりでは、これが鳥追い行事と結び付いており、名称も「かまくら」と「鳥追い」と両様によんでいる。田畑の中に5、6本の杭(くい)を立てて上を結わえ、周りに藁(わら)や炭俵を積んで火をつけ、燃える俵を棒に挿して振り回す。また、松明(たいまつ)を持って鳥を追いながら田畑を練り歩く。仙北(せんぼく)郡美郷(みさと)町六郷(ろくごう)では、「かまくら竹合戦」といい、青年たちが二手に分かれて青竹で打ち合う行事がある。文化(ぶんか)年間(1804~18)の記録にも、松明を振り回す「かまくら」を述べたものがある。

[井之口章次]

[参照項目] | 小正月 | 左義長 | 鳥追い | 火祭 | 物忌み
かまくら
小正月に神をもてなし、物忌みの生活を送るのが本旨だったが、いまは子供の行事となっている。かまど型の雪室の正面に水神を祭り、甘酒を温め、餅を焼いて食べる。秋田県横手市©秋田県観光課">

かまくら


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Kamakura [city] - Kamakura

>>:  Frogmouth - Frogmouth

Recommend

voluntary muscle

…the former is called voluntary movement, the lat...

Ibrahim (Aghlab) - Ibrahim

...Its capital was Kairawan. Its origins date bac...

Macrobrachium longipes (English spelling) Macrobrachium longipes

… [Takeda Masatomo]. … *Some of the terminology t...

Situation semantics

Situation semantics is a philosophical proposal th...

Regula magistri (English spelling)

…In the 5th and 6th centuries, Italy was in the m...

Hipparchus (of Nicaea)

Greek astronomer and geographer, born in Nicaea, c...

Ethioplast - Ethioplast

…They are found in undifferentiated plant cells s...

Feofan Grek

A Greek icon painter active in Russia from 1330 to...

Merimde (English spelling)

Located in northern Egypt, about 60 km northwest o...

Sorrel - Sorrel

A perennial plant of the Polygonaceae family (APG...

Edgar Huntley

…Born into a Quaker merchant family in Philadelph...

Dialectical theology (English: Dialektische Theologie) German

This was a Protestant theological movement that a...

Scarlet lychnis (English spelling) scarletlychnis

...The flowers are about 3cm in diameter and redd...

Greensboro - Greensboro (English spelling)

An industrial city in the northern part of North C...

satrap - satrap (English spelling) satrap

The position of chief administrator in the provin...