Cotton hat

Japanese: 綿帽子 - わたぼうし
Cotton hat

A type of headgear worn by women. Made by flattening silk cotton, it was originally used as a cold weather garment. It is made by stretching the silk cotton, sprinkling a thin layer of porridge mucus on it, placing hemp cloth on top, and drying it over a hot iron. In addition to white, silk cotton was also used that was dyed red, pink, and light blue. Cheaper ones used cotton cotton instead of silk cotton. There are four types of cotton hats: round cotton, boat-bottom cotton, ancient and modern cotton, and unagiwata. Round cotton is shaped like a jellyfish and is the oldest type of cotton hat. It has been used for weddings since the Edo period, and in Kamigata (Kansai) it was also used as a headgear for elderly people. Funatowata is shaped like a long, narrow boat, and was popular from the second half of the 17th century, during the Enpo era (1673-81), but fell out of fashion in the first half of the 18th century. On the other hand, Kokinwata is also called cheek wrap because it covers the head and cheeks, and is often seen in paintings by Hishikawa Moronobu. Osowata is shaped like a fireball, and is often depicted as an old woman carrying it on her head, with a hand towel tied under her chin to stop it from flying away in the wind. This type of hat was widely worn from the third shogun, Iemitsu, onwards.

[Takeshi Endo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

女子の被(かぶ)り物の一種。真綿を平らに伸ばしてつくったもので、初めは防寒具として用いた。その製法は真綿を引き伸ばして、その上に薄い粥(かゆ)の粘液をまき散らし、その上に麻布を当てて、火熨斗(ひのし)で乾かす。真綿は、白のほかに紅、桃色、浅葱(あさぎ)などに染めたものも使われた。また、安価なものは、真綿のかわりに木綿綿を用いた。綿帽子の形態には、丸綿(まるわた)、船底綿、古今綿(こきんわた)、促綿(うなぎわた)の4種類がある。丸綿は、クラゲのような形をしたもので、綿帽子でいちばん古く、婚礼用として江戸時代から用いられ、上方(かみがた)(関西)では老人用の被り物でもあった。船底綿は、細長い船のような形をしたもので、17世紀の後半、つまり延宝(えんぽう)年間(1673~81)より流行したが、18世紀の前半には廃れた。一方、古今綿は、頭から頬(ほお)を包んだところから頬包みともいわれ、菱川師宣(ひしかわもろのぶ)の絵によくみられる。促綿は、火の玉のような形をしたもので、老婆が頭上にのせ、その上から手拭(てぬぐい)で風に飛ばされないようにあごの下で結んでいる図柄が多い。この帽子は3代将軍家光(いえみつ)以降に多く用いられた。

[遠藤 武]

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