...The former is also called the market basket method, and is a method of calculating the cost of living based on the cost of food, clothing, housing, and other necessities necessary for a standard household to maintain a certain standard standard of living. The latter is also called the Engel method, and is basically a method of calculating the cost of living by dividing the cost of food and drink by the Engel coefficient (a percentage of the household expenditure of a working household that is made up of food and drink). The theoretical cost of living is used to create standards for the minimum cost of living in public assistance and wage demands by labor unions, but there are many problems to be aware of when calculating it, such as the difficulty of responding to the diversification of social life in the market basket method, and the bias of the Engel method due to using only food and drink as a standard. *Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Engel Method" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…前者はマーケット・バスケット方式とも呼ばれているが,標準的世帯が一定の標準的生活水準を維持していくのに必要な飲食費,衣料費,住居費およびその他の生活必要費用を算出し,これをもとにして生計費を算定する方式である。後者はエンゲル方式ともいわれ,基本的にはさきの飲食費をエンゲル係数(勤労世帯の家計支出のうちで飲食費の占める比率を百分比で表したもの)で除して生計費を求める方式である。 理論生計費は公的扶助における最低生活費や労働組合の賃金要求の基準の作成などに利用されているが,算定上,たとえばマーケット・バスケット方式については社会生活の内容の多様化に対応していくことの困難さ,エンゲル方式については飲食費だけを基準とすることによる偏向などの注意すべき問題が多々ある。… ※「エンゲル方式」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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