...Neighboring powers expected him to play the role of a powerful mediator, and the proud Roman poet Sidonius Apollinaris praised him as the strongest king in the Western world. The Codex Euricianus (c. 475), known as the oldest written law in the Germanic world, was compiled by Roman bureaucrats and is said to have been strongly influenced by Roman law, although it includes ancient customary law. [Hiroshi Nakamura]... [Germanic Tribal Law]… The first was the legal records of the Germanic peoples who had settled within the Roman Empire. The first were those of the Visigoths, who around 475 issued the Code of Euric, which was heavily based on Roman law. The later Visigothic Codes (especially those of King Reccesbind) were revised and expanded from this. … From Spanish Law…The Visigothic kingdom was born in the Iberian Peninsula, which was only a part of the Roman Empire, in the early 5th century, and for the first time, an independent political organization and law were formed in this area. Many kings in the Visigothic Kingdom were eager to compile legal codes, and important codes such as the Euric Code, said to be the oldest code of the Germanic peoples, the Alaric Code, the Leovigilian Code, and the Liber Eudiciorum were created. During the eight centuries from the Islamic invasion to the end of the Reconquista, Islamic kingdoms and several Christian countries coexisted in the Iberian Peninsula, and each country formed its own law, but in the Christian countries of the 8th to 13th centuries, there was no national law, and there were countless local laws based on the unit of cities and villages. … From the Visigothic Kingdom…To this end, he occupied the Auvergne and Provence in Gaul, and Tarragona in the Iberian Peninsula, where Roman influence was particularly strong, and had the Roman emperor recognize their possession. Euric was also a lover of Latin literature, and devoted himself to projects such as the compilation of a legal code (the Code of Euric). His successor, Alaric II (reigned 484-507), made particular efforts to colonize the Iberian Peninsula with the Goths… From [Liber Yudikiorum]…The last legal code of the Visigothic Kingdom, compiled around 654 during the reign of Reccesbind. It is said to have been promulgated with the approval of the 8th Council of Toledo. Visigothic Spain had three previous legal codes: the Euric Code (around 475), the Alaric Code (506), and the Leovigilian Code (late 6th century). Euric and Leovigilian were legislated to apply separately to the Visigoths and Alaric to the Romans, respectively. The Liber Judiciorum was the first to be compiled and promulgated as a common law for both peoples, and can be seen as a symbol of the unification of the kingdom's laws. … *Some of the terminology referenced in the "Code of King Euric" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…近隣の諸勢力から有力な調停者としての役割を期待され,誇り高いローマ人詩人シドニウス・アポリナリスからも,西方世界の最強の王と称えられた。ゲルマン世界の最古の成文法として知られる《エウリック王法典Codex Euricianus》(475ころ)は,古来の慣習法を含んではいるものの,ローマ人官僚によって編纂され,ローマ法の影響を強く受けたものといわれる。【中村 宏】。… 【ゲルマン部族法】より… 第1は,ローマ帝国領内に定住したゲルマン人の法記録。最初は西ゴート人のそれであり,475年ころ,強度にローマ法に依存した内容のエウリック王法典が発布された。後代(とくにレッケスビント王)の西ゴート部族法典は,これを改訂・増補したものである。… 【スペイン法】より…ローマ帝国領の一部でしかなかったイベリア半島に5世紀初頭に西ゴート人の王国が誕生し,この地に初めて独自の政治組織と法が形成されるようになった。西ゴート王国には法典編纂に意欲をもつ王が少なくなく,ゲルマン民族最古の法典といわれるエウリック法典をはじめとしてアラリック抄典,レオビギルド法典,リーベル・ユディキオルムといった重要な法典がつくられた。イスラムの侵攻から国土回復戦争(レコンキスタ)が終了するまでの8世紀間のイベリア半島には,イスラム王国と複数のキリスト教徒の国が併存し,それらが別個に法を形成するが,8~13世紀のキリスト教の諸国では国単位の法は存在せず,都市・村落を単位とする局地法が無数に乱立していた。… 【西ゴート王国】より…そのためにローマ勢力がとくに強く残っていたガリアのオーベルニュ地方,プロバンス地方,イベリア半島のタラゴナ地方を武力占領し,その領有をローマ皇帝に承認させた。エウリックはまた,ラテン文学を愛好し,法典編纂(〈エウリック王法典〉)などの事業にも力を注いだ。その後を継いだアラリック2世Alaric II(在位484‐507)は,とくにイベリア半島へのゴート人の植民に努力した。… 【リーベル・ユディキオルム】より…654年ごろ,レケスビントの時代に編纂された西ゴート王国最後の法典。第8回トレド教会会議の承認を得て公布されたといわれる。西ゴート・スペインではこれより前にエウリック法典(475ごろ),アラリック抄典(506),レオビギルド法典(6世紀末)の3法典がつくられていたが,エウリックとレオビギルドは西ゴート人,アラリックはローマ人にそれぞれ別個に適用すべく立法されていたのに対し,リーベル・ユディキオルムは初めて両民族の共通法として編纂,公布されたもので,王国法統一の象徴とみることができる。… ※「《エウリック王法典》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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