Warm forging - Onkantanzo

Japanese: 温間鍛造 - おんかんたんぞう
Warm forging - Onkantanzo

... The purpose of forging is to improve the quality of the material by breaking down the coarse dendrites in the casting structure in the raw material (ingot), compressing the blowholes and shrinkage holes, and homogenizing the local segregation, and to eliminate the waste of metal caused by cutting before making the product, and to give the product a continuous fiber structure as a whole. The state and temperature of the material during processing can be the aforementioned hot forging or the recently developed cold forging, and warm forging, which combines the advantages of both and involves heating the material below its recrystallization temperature, is attracting attention.
[Hot forging]
Depending on the deformation state of the material, hot forging can be divided into free forging, which uses an open die to allow the material to deform freely in the direction perpendicular to the forging direction, and closed die forging, which uses a closed die to compress and mold the material inside the die.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "warm forging" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 鍛造の目的は,素材(インゴット)内にある鋳造組織の粗い樹枝状晶をこわし,鋳巣や収縮孔を圧着させ,局所的な偏析を均一化して,材質を改善するという鍛錬の効果をあげること,製品とするまでに切削などによる金属のむだを省き,製品全体として連続した繊維組織をもたせることである。加工の際の素材の状態,温度には,前述の熱間鍛造と,近年とくに発達した冷間鍛造があり,さらに両者の長所をとり入れて材料の再結晶温度以下で加熱して行う温間鍛造が注目されている。
[熱間鍛造]
 熱間鍛造は材料の変形状態から,鍛造を行う方向と直角方向に自由に変形できるように開放型open dieを用いる自由鍛造free forgingと,材料を型の内部で圧縮成形する密閉型closed dieを用いる型鍛造closed die forgingに分けられる。…

※「温間鍛造」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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